Hydraulic transportation of the piped carriage is a new energy-saving and environmentally-friendly transportation mode. There are two main states in the conveying process, stationary and moving. In the process of hydraulic transportation of the piped carriage, the study of the stress of the water flow act on the cylinder wall of the piped carriage can help to improve the design of the piped carriage structure and even the selection of piped carriage materials. The distribution of flow velocity around the stationary piped carriage and the stress distribution on the cylinder wall of the stationary piped carriage were investigated by combining numerical simulations with model experiment verification. The commercial finite element software, Comsol Multiphysics, was utilized to solve this problem using the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method. The results showed that the simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results. It also showed that the ALE method can well be applied for fluid-structure problems in the process of hydraulic transportation of the piped carriage. The simulation results showed that the low velocity region near the inner wall of the pipe was smaller than that near the outer wall of the piped carriage, and both regions decreased with the increase of the discharge. The maximum stress on the cylinder wall of the piped carriage appeared between the two support feet in the middle and rear sections of the cylinder. The influence of the unit discharge on wall stress increased with the increase of the discharge, that is, k 1 < k 2 < k 3 . Moreover, the increase of the discharge had the greatest influence on the circumferential component of the principal stress of the cylinder, followed by the axis component, and the smallest influence on the wall shear stress of the cylinder, i.e.,The transport of fluids can be recycled, not polluted. 3 Compared with other types of transportation, the energy consumption is lower [1], the forming and dehydration processes are saved, and the operation cost is lower. 4 The transporting fluid is clean water or reused water, and there is no risk of siltation during normal operation. 5 The whole operation process is driven by fluid pressure. The transportation process is low carbon and environmentally friendly [2,3], which is more in line with the requirements of the times.The HCP was first put forward in the 1960s at the Alberta Research Council in Canada [4]. Later, it was supported by the National Science Foundation in the United States. The University of Missouri-Columbia established a Capsule Pipeline Research Center. The HCP was receiving intensive research and development (R and D) at the center. There are two main states of the capsule in the pipe flow, stationary and moving. In the middle and late 20th century, a great deal of research has been done on the stationary capsule in the pipe flow. The case of the stationary capsule is of interest because all HCP systems must start and stop on occasion. In 1981, Liu specifically introduced and defi...
The tube-contained raw material pipeline hydraulic transportation technology is an optimization and improvement of traditional hydraulic capsule pipeline (HCP) transport. It has the advantages of lower resource consumption, environmental protection, and less demand for human resources and has the ability to directly transport solids, liquids, and gases. The cylinder pipe vehicle is the core component of tube-contained raw material pipeline hydraulic transportation; its motion characteristics and energy consumption are affected by wall shear stress. When the cylinder pipe vehicle is stationary, the annular gap flow will affect the wall shear stress. This paper studies the wall shear stress and annular flow field distribution of a stationary cylinder pipe vehicle under different Reynolds numbers. The results show that as the Reynolds number increases, both the wall shear stress and the annular gap flow velocity show a gradually increasing trend. The wall shear stress and the velocity of the annular gap flow show some correlation, but there are differences in the trend of axial and circumferential wall shear stress along the length of the cylinder pipe vehicle. The research in this article will further improve the theoretical system of hydraulic conveyance of barrel-loading pipelines and provide a theoretical basis for the realization of industrial applications as soon as possible.
The use of a flow discharge measuring device in irrigated areas is the key to utilizing water in a planned and scientific manner and to developing water-saving irrigation techniques. In this study, a new type of flow discharge measuring device for a U-channel—a plate flowmeter—was designed, and then the hydraulic characteristics of the flow discharge measurement process using the plate flowmeter were simulated and experimentally verified by adopting an RNG (Renormalization Group) k-ε turbulence model based on Flow-3D software. The results showed that in the process of measuring flow discharge with the plate flowmeter, the transverse flow velocity, the vertical flow velocity, and the relationship between the measured flow discharge and the deflection angle of the angle-measuring plate were basically consistent with the experimental results. The maximum relative errors were 5.3%, 6.2%, and 6.8% respectively, proving that it was feasible to use Flow-3D software to simulate the hydraulic characteristics of the flow discharge measurement process using the plate flowmeter. The vertical flow velocities at the center of the upstream section of the channel increased gradually from the bottom of the channel to the free water surface. The vertical flow velocities at the center of the downstream section of the channel first increased and then decreased from the bottom of the channel to the free water surface, and the maximum vertical flow velocity was located at a position below the free water surface. The maximum range of influence of the plate flowmeter on the flow disturbance in the channel was from 0.75 m upstream to 1.24 m downstream of the plate flowmeter. These results can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the structural parameters of a plate flowmeter.
The piped hydraulic transportation of tube-contained raw material is a new long- distance transportation technology. This technology has the advantages of high efficiency, energy savings and environmental protection. The research in the published literature has mostly been limited to the speed, flow field, pressure field and energy consumption of a single-pipe vehicle. With the continuous improvement and development of this technology, two-pipe vehicles will become the focus of future research. The change of the vehicle spacing will affect the starting speed, flow field distribution and pressure drop characteristics of the water flow within the pipeline; thus, a numerical simulation is used in this work to study the hydraulic characteristics of stationary two-pipe vehicles under different spacings and compare them with physical experiments. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which indicates that it is feasible to study two-pipe vehicles using numerical simulation. The results also show that, as the vehicle spacing increases, the interaction between the two-pipe vehicles gradually weakens. When the vehicle spacing reaches 4 l (where l represents the length of a single-pipe vehicle), the interaction between the two-pipe vehicles becomes negligible. There is no vortex shedding in the pipeline under different vehicle spacings. This study provides a reference for choosing the proper spacing between two-pipe vehicles and provides a theoretical basis for further research on the hydraulic characteristics of two-pipe vehicles in motion.
Turbine blades and the disks are connected by tenons. There is a pair of jagged assembly clearance between each tenon and corresponding mortise. In practical engineering applications, flow and heat transfer characteristics in assembly clearance used to be simplified. In order to obtain more accurate temperature fields of the turbine blades and disks, detailed study of the flow and heat transfer mechanism in tenon joint gap is necessary. In this paper, two typical assembly clearances under the stationary and rotating conditions were investigated numerically, including double S-shaped and double Crescent-shaped. The inlet Reynolds numbers range from 5,500 to 50,000 and the Rotation numbers range from 0 to 0.005. The results show that the fluids in the two branches of the double S-shaped channel have different flow characteristics under rotating conditions. A vortex is formed at the corner of the left branch and the vortex scale can be influenced by Re and Ro. The large vortex decreases the local heat transfer coefficient. In the right branch, the three-dimensional flow from the flat wall to the concave wall increases the local heat transfer coefficient of different regions. For the double Crescent-shaped channel, the region with higher velocity is offset to the right of the channel which leads to higher local heat transfer coefficient under rotating conditions. The simulation results have great significance to the heat transfer analysis of turbine blades and disks.
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