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Aluminum has been considered as a promising anode candidate for lithium ion batteries due to its low cost, high capacity and low equilibrium potential for lithiation/delithiation. However, the compact surface...

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This study reports the novel dry activation for preparing activated carbon with a high specific surface area from rice husks using solid NaOH. Materials were characterized by N 2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of mass ratio (1−4) and the activation process (dry activation or impregnation) on the surface area were studied, explicating the mechanism of pore development. With a mass ratio of 3, carbons prepared by dry activation possessed a much higher surface area of 2841 m 2 /g than the 933 m 2 /g for impregnation. For the adsorption of phenol, their maximum adsorption capacities were 351.4 and 160.8 mg/g, fitting with the Langmuir model. In addition, the economic analysis estimated a significant gross profit margin of 40.2% for the product. Therefore, it is demonstrated that dry activation is an effective and convenient method for obtaining low cost activated carbon with outstanding surface area.