Digitalization consists of the modification of processes using digital tools. Digitalization is a powerful way for regaining strong short-term to long-term competitiveness. The digital supply chain was born from the fourth industrial revolution. The evolution of the supply chain now involves the automation of processes and the expansion of information. Among the advantages of digitization, the authors note an accurate forecasting and planning, effective communication of internal function and external actors of the supply chains, and assuring the security. Fast digital transformation is reforming supply chains and changing the present models inside companies. In this case, purchasing as one of the important functions of supply chain is in the way of the transformation, by adapting new digital solutions such as blockchain, data analytics, robotics, internet of goods, and smart contracts. This chapter aims to explore the possibilities of these technologies in intelligent purchasing and the main obstacles against their adaption.
New technology and revolution in digital tools can be considered as the enablers to promote the performance of the global supply chain by integrating the actors. Among these technologies is the blockchain, first and foremost a technology for storing and transmitting information. This technology offers high standards of transparency and security in a decentralized environment. More concretely, the blockchain allows its users—connected in a network—to share data without an intermediary. The cryptocurrencies are new electronic currencies that use blockchain technology to transfer the ownership of cryptos between their different owners. The application of blockchains in cryptocurrency reduces the risk of sharing information and simplifies transaction processing thanks to the secured decentralized environment. The objective of this chapter is to provide a literature review that synthesizes the knowledge of using the blockchains in cryptocurrency. The results of the review can be used by academics and practitioners.
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