The
escalation in industrial demand and environmental concerns
has necessitated the development of high-performance nanoadditivesthe
driving force behind advanced lubricating oil used in engineered systems.
Herein, dialkyl dithiophosphate (DDP)-functionalized gallium-based
liquid-metal (GLM) nanodropletsDDP@GLMs, were prepared with
an average size of about 178 nm and used as effective lubricant additives
for tribological properties such as friction and wear reduction. Polydopamine-coated
GLM nanodroplets (PDA@GLMs) can simply be prepared by means of sonication
of liquid metal in bulk in Tris aqueous solution of dopamine, followed
by modification by a commercial lubricating additive (DDP) via Michael
addition. The DDP@GLMs exhibited exceptional stability in poly(alphaolefin)
(PAO) base oil and remained stable for more than 5 days. The tribological
properties of DDP@GLM additives were evaluated under varied conditions.
It can be seen that the as-obtained DDP@GLMs demonstrated remarkable
friction reduction and wear resistance abilities while operating as
lubricating additives. The high load-carrying property is seen reaching
a value as high as 1050 N with the frictional coefficient befalling
less than 0.1 and the corresponding wear volume loss being decreased
by 96%. The tribological properties seem attributable to the formation
of a protective film (oxides of Ga, In, Fe, ferrous sulfide, and iron
phosphate) on the interfaces of friction pairs. This study establishes
a reliable basis for simple preparation of functional GLM nanodroplets
and the manner of their implementation as lubrication additives.
With increasing research interest in the field of flexible electronics and wearable devices, intensive efforts have been paid to the development of novel inorganic-organic hybrid materials. As a newly developed two-dimensional (2D) material family, MXenes present many advantages compared with other 2D analogs, especially the variable surface terminal groups, thus the infinite possibility for the regulation of surface physicochemical properties. However, there is still less attention paid to the interfacial compatibility of the MXene-organic hybrids. To this end, this review will briefly summarize the recent progress on MXene-organic hybrids, offers a deeper understanding of the interaction and collaborative mechanism between the MXenes and organic component. After the discussion of the structure and surface characters of MXenes, strategies towards MXene-organic hybrids are introduced based on the interfacial interactions. Based on different application scenarios, the advantages of MXene-organic hybrids in constructing flexible devices are then discussed. The challenges and outlook on MXene-organic hybrids are also presented.
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) to generate ammonium is a promising renewable technology for nitrogen cycling. Engineering the composition and surface states of an electrocatalyst is critical to improve the...
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