Muography is a rapidly developing and non-destructive tomographic technology that uses cosmic ray muons. Due to the natural presence and deeper penetration of cosmic ray muons, scientists have performed various pioneer studies in fields, such as customs security, the internal imaging of volcanoes, scientific archaeology, and others. With unique advantages, muography has gained increasing attention from archaeologists as a novel and innovative tool to investigate large-scale archaeological sites. This approach may be especially helpful for identifying endangered cultural relics and monuments. In the work, we employ a compact, rugged, and portable muon imaging system, CORMIS (COsmic Ray Muon Imaging System), deployed at up to six measurement locations to perform a case study of three-dimensional muography in Xi’an city, China. Cultural cities, such as Xi’an, have long histories and could benefit from innovative techniques used to investigate, conserve, and protect large historical sites. In this paper, we present in detail a high resolution survey on a rampart of a Xi’an defensive wall in demand of urgent protection. The survey data are carefully processed with advanced statistical methods newly introduced in muography, and the results indicate density anomalies inside the rampart with unprecedented levels of precision. The density anomalies are potential safety hazards and need to be eliminated as soon as possible. The successful implementation of this survey significantly encourages more engagement on the tangible application of high-precision 3D muography in archaeological investigations and protection projects around the world.
The characteristics of spatial structure and winding forming principle of braided wire rope under bending condition are analyzed. Establish the local coordinate system of the wire rope strand and the center line of the strand.The transformation matrix of each coordinate system is derived by using the theory of differential geometry and spatial coordinate transformation,and the mathematical model of the bending state of wire rope strand and wire center line is established. The geometry model of the model which lay a theoretical foundation for the analysis of the mechanical properties of the braided wire rope is established on the basis of mathematical model.
The preparation of seawater sea-sand recycled concrete (SSRAC) by combining seawater, sea-sand and recycled coarse aggregate is of great significance for the utilization of marine resources and environmental protection in China. The sulfate corrosion test in this paper uses dry wet cycle to simulate the alternating dry wet environment, and compares the ordinary concrete (OC) and freshwater river sand recycled concrete (RAC) to study the mechanical property deterioration characteristics of SSRAC in dry–wet cycle (30d, 60d, 90d, 120d). The results show that with the increase of the dry–wet cycle, the apparent damage of SSRAC gradually extends from the diagonal to the periphery, and finally the cracks spread all over the whole. The mass, strength and strength corrosion resistance coefficient of SSRAC show the same law as OC and RAC, which increase first and then decrease. The resistance of SSRAC to sulfate attack is lower than OC and slightly higher than RAC, and the strength corrosion resistance coefficient is lower than 75% at 120 times of dry–wet cycle.
Aiming at the rapid development of the power transmission industry, with the huge number of iron towers and the large amount of tower material quality inspection work, however, the detection efficiency is low. This article analyzed five inspection items, inspection points, and their inspection data volume, which are required for tower material specification inspection, such as parts, galvanized layer, that must be performed in the tower material specification inspection, put forward the plan of tower material quality inspection system integrated by software management system and hardware detection instrument, and designed the system scheme, determined the typical testing equipment with real-time transmission function, and designed the architecture of tower material quality information management system. This system can realize the intelligentization of tower material testing, the digitization of the testing process, and the standardization of testing information management, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of tower material quality testing.
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