Wearable electronics presage a future in which healthcare monitoring and rehabilitation are enabled beyond the limitation of hospitals, and self‐powered sensors and energy generators are key prerequisites for a self‐sustainable wearable system. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on textiles can be an optimal option for scavenging low‐frequency and irregular waste energy from body motions as a power source for self‐sustainable systems. However, the low output of most textile‐based TENGs (T‐TENGs) has hindered its way toward practical applications. In this work, a facile and universal strategy to enhance the triboelectric output is proposed by integration of a narrow‐gap TENG textile with a high‐voltage diode and a textile‐based switch. The closed‐loop current of the diode‐enhanced textile‐based TENG (D‐T‐TENG) can be increased by 25 times. The soft, flexible, and thin characteristics of the D‐T‐TENG enable a moderate output even as it is randomly scrunched. Furthermore, the enhanced current can directly stimulate rat muscle and nerve. In addition, the capability of the D‐T‐TENG as a practical power source for wearable sensors is demonstrated by powering Bluetooth sensors embedded to clothes for humidity and temperature sensing. Looking forward, the D‐T‐TENG renders an effective approach toward a self‐sustainable wearable textile nano‐energy nano‐system for next‐generation healthcare applications.
In the emerging Internet of Things, stretchable antennas can facilitate wireless communication between wearable and mobile electronic devices around the body. The proliferation of wireless devices transmitting near the human body also raises interference and safety concerns that demand stretchable materials capable of shielding electromagnetic interference (EMI). Here, an ultrastretchable conductor is fabricated by depositing a crumple-textured coating composed of 2D Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets (MXene) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) onto latex, which can be fashioned into high-performance wearable antennas and EMI shields. The resulting MXene-SWNT (S-MXene)/latex devices are able to sustain up to an 800% areal strain and exhibit strain-insensitive resistance profiles during a 500-cycle fatigue test. A single layer of stretchable S-MXene conductors demonstrate a strain-invariant EMI shielding performance of ≈30 dB up to 800% areal strain, and the shielding performance is further improved to ≈47 and ≈52 dB by stacking 5 and 10 layers of S-MXene conductors, respectively. Additionally, a stretchable S-MXene dipole antenna is fabricated, which can be uniaxially stretched to 150% with unaffected reflected power <0.1%. By integrating S-MXene EMI shields with stretchable S-MXene antennas, a wearable wireless system is finally demonstrated that provides mechanically stable wireless transmission while attenuating EM absorption by the human body.existing mobile devices. [1] To enable highperformance wireless communication between wearable sensors, displays, and data processing devices around the body, new routes to fabricating for stretchable antennas that exhibit mechanically stable performance are needed. Furthermore, the proliferation of mobile and wearable devices based on various wireless technologies, including GPS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and near-field communication, is increasing the frequency and duration of the human body exposed to electromagnetic (EM) fields, which raises interference and safety concerns that may require certain suitable materials for EM protection. [2] Therefore, in addition to the growing demand for stretchable antennas, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials that are stretchable, durable, and can be integrated closely with wearable wireless technologies are needed to reduce the exposure of the human body to EM fields. Integrating such stretchable antennas with on-site EMI shields not only provides protection against EM fields, but also prevents unauthorized wireless transmission between wearable electronics and mobile devices for enhanced wireless privacy.Both wearable antennas and stretchable EMI shields face similar technological challenges, where the key materials awaiting to be developed are the stretchable conductors with high strain tolerance and strain-invariant electrical conductivities.Metals (e.g., Cu and Al) are the conventionally used materials for EMI shields and antennas on many occasions. As the trend in today's electronic devices becomes faster, lighter, and...
An emerging class of targeted therapy relies on light as a spatially and temporally precise stimulus. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical example in which optical illumination selectively activates light-sensitive drugs, termed photosensitizers, destroying malignant cells without the side effects associated with systemic treatments such as chemotherapy. Effective clinical application of PDT and other light-based therapies, however, is hindered by challenges in light delivery across biological tissue, which is optically opaque. To target deep regions, current clinical PDT uses optical fibers, but their incompatibility with chronic implantation allows only a single dose of light to be delivered per surgery. Here we report a wireless photonic approach to PDT using a miniaturized (30 mg, 15 mm) implantable device and wireless powering system for light delivery. We demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of this approach by activating photosensitizers (chlorin e6) through thick (>3 cm) tissues inaccessible by direct illumination, and by delivering multiple controlled doses of light to suppress tumor growth in vivo in animal cancer models. This versatility in light delivery overcomes key clinical limitations in PDT, and may afford further opportunities for light-based therapies.
Zoledronate (Zol) is a third-generation bisphosphonate that is widely used as an anti-resorptive agent for the treatment of cancer bone metastasis. While there is preclinical data indicating that bisphosphonates such as Zol have direct cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, such effect has not been firmly established in the clinical setting. This is likely due to the rapid absorption of bisphosphonates by the skeleton after intravenous (i.v.) administration. Herein, we report the reformulation of Zol using nanotechnology and evaluation of a novel nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) formulation of Zol as an anticancer agent. The nMOF formulation is comprised of a calcium zoledronate (CaZol) core and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface. To preferentially deliver CaZol nMOFs to tumors as well as facilitate cellular uptake of Zol, we incorporated folate (Fol)-targeted ligands on the nMOFs. The folate receptor (FR) is known to be overexpressed in several tumor types, including head-and-neck, prostate, and non-small cell lung cancers. We demonstrated that these targeted CaZol nMOFs possess excellent chemical and colloidal stability in physiological conditions. The release of encapsulated Zol from the nMOFs occurs in the mid-endosomes during nMOF endocytosis. In vitro toxicity studies demonstrated that Fol-targeted CaZol nMOFs are more efficient than small molecule Zol in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in FR-overexpressing H460 non-small cell lung and PC3 prostate cancer cells. Our findings were further validated in vivo using mouse xenograft models of H460 and PC3. We demonstrated that Fol-targeted CaZol nMOFs are effective anticancer agents and increase the direct antitumor activity of Zol by 80 to 85% in vivo through inhibition of tumor neovasculature, and inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.