Purpose Exponential growth in interest of workplace spirituality has led to the development of numerous theories based on various religious faiths. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the underlying dimensions of workplace spirituality in Islam by developing a scale to measure it and to present a subset of knowledge on workplace spirituality from both western and Islamic perspectives. Design/methodology/approach The authors collected data from 223 employees working at Islamic-based institutions in Indonesia. They tested the validity and reliability of the proposed indicators of Islamic workplace spirituality using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings This study enhances the literature in the field of human resources development, especially in the area of workplace spirituality, by empirically assessing the extent of spirituality in the Islamic workplace. The findings revealed 13 indicators that define Islamic workplace spirituality in the Indonesian business organizational context. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to Indonesia. In order to apply the 13 indicators in a broader, more global context, researchers need to conduct similar studies on a number of institutions worldwide. Practical implications Scholars and professionals may use the research findings to justify their efforts in designing, developing, and implementing appropriate learning and performance improvement interventions, so that Islamic spirituality can increase continuously among employees. Social implications This study provides guidelines to the human resources managers of Islamic-based institution to assess the degree of spirituality of each job applicants during job selection. Originality/value This study is one of the first attempts to examine and measure Islamic spirituality in the workplace, not only in Indonesia, but also worldwide. The 13 indicators, drawn from religious psychology, provide a new scale to measure spirituality.
Purpose Highlighting the prominence of spirituality at work, this paper aims to scrutinize the mediating role of perceived person-organization fit (P-O fit) on the relationship between workplace spirituality and nurse work engagement in the context of two Indonesian government hospital. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional survey data of 138 nursing staff from two government hospitals operating in Indonesia were analyzed using structural equation modeling to estimate the mediation effects of perceived P-O fit on the relationship between workplace spirituality and nurse engagement. Findings The results of the research proved the positive effect of workplace spirituality on nurse work engagement. Likewise, P-O fit act as a mechanism through which workplace spirituality affects nurse engagement. Research limitations/implications This study only uses a sample of two government hospitals, which may limit the generalizability of the outcomes. Despite of the small sample, the result of this inquiry provides new insights into the advancement of human behavior theory in hospital service, especially on the factors that influence nurse work engagement. On a broader sense, top management might set a necessary program to wholly nurture nurse spiritual potential as a step to convalesce their spiritual awareness. Practical implications Based on the discovery, the study presents strong theoretical and managerial implications that can be used by health care institutions to evaluate the importance of workplace spirituality on employee engagement among nurses. This paper contributes by fulfilling the fissure in the management literature of health care, in which empirical studies on workplace spirituality in the relationship with employee engagement have been scarce until now. Originality/value The present perceived P-O fit in the relation between the spirituality of the workplace and nurse engagement enhances human behavior theory in the health care context.
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the environmental marketing orientation of Muslim entrepreneurs and looks at its relationship with environmental marketing and organizational performance in the context of small and medium enterprises in Indonesian. The study also examines the role of religiosity as a moderator on the relationship between environmental marketing orientation and green marketing. Design/methodology/approach The paper is empirical and quantitative in nature. The sample of the study is Muslim entrepreneurs in West Java and Central Java Indonesia. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and partial least square analysis. Findings Environmental orientation has a positive relationship with environmental marketing and operational and economic performance. Nonetheless, the study suggests no significant influence of environmental marketing on commercial performance due to “greenwashing” practices. Religiosity appears to moderate the relationship between environmental orientation and environmental marketing practices. Research limitations/implications The lack of papers on Islamic marketing makes the depth of discussion somewhat limited. Practical implications The recommendation of this study provides a new path to the local government in mitigating the issue of environmental destructions occurring because of entrepreneurs’ business practices. This study has demonstrated the importance of cultivating religious values among society and specifically entrepreneurs as moral guidelines to further strengthen ethical behavior while conducting businesses. The government may endorse more teaching hours on Islamic curriculum at school to create the generation of religious entrepreneurs. Social implications The act of preserving the environments while conducting businesses is one form of worship in Islam as such we call for the elaboration and application of strategies to instill the paradigm of excellent merchants among Muslim. Originality/value This paper is the first of its kind which empirically testing the relationship between environmental marketing and firms performance with religiosity as a moderator among Muslim entrepreneurs in Indonesia.
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine whether or not Islamic Workplace Spirituality (IWS) acts as a moderator in the relationship between Organizational Justice (OJ), Job Satisfaction (JS) and Workplace Deviant Behavior (WDB).Design/methodology/approachThis research was conducted at Islamic-based universities in Lampung, with 213 employees as respondents out of 456 population’s members. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, and the data were collected directly from respondents using a self-administered questionnaire. The analysis method used to test the research hypothesis was moderated regression analysis (MRA).FindingsOut of six hypotheses proposed all were supported. This study confirmed the moderating role of Islamic Workplace Spirituality on the relationship of organizational justice and job satisfaction with workplace deviant behavior.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has several limitations on the self-report measures used, which may lead to general error bias. Also, because of the cross-sectional nature of data collection in this study, it can impact the inaccurate delineation of causal conclusions between the constructs examined (Clugston, 2000). Further research is suggested to conduct longitudinal research. This research was conducted in Lampung and is limited to religion-based agencies, limiting the generalizability of some findings in different places. Future studies are suggested to examine this construct in a broader scope. Generalizability problems were observed because people's responses to the questionnaires were so evident that they did not give importance to the research work, and they thought it was a waste of time to respond.Practical implicationsSince bearing the label “Islamic Higher Education” identifies them as part of Islamic education, all institutions that bear that label must follow Islamic law rulings in all of their operational activities. Islamic Spirituality in the Workplace (IWS) will make employees in organizations work on time and even manage their workload correctly. Having values related to spiritual constructs will make employees more ethical in understanding values and behavior, also increase trust among workers.Social implicationsISW will make employees in organizations/agencies work on time and even manage their workload correctly. Management must understand that an organization needs to create a healthy environment by providing organizational justice and reducing people's deviant behavior in the organization. Positive individual behavior shall increase the quality of one's social life.Originality/valueMost theories in human resources development in higher education came from the field of psychology while religious perspectives tend to be omitted. This study underlines some of the crucial advances and contributions in developing human resource management theory related to Islamic workplace spirituality as a strategy to mitigate employees' deviant behavior.
Co-opetition is cooperation and also the competition between businesses in the same industry or in other words between competitors. The phenomenon of co-opetition, which is also called ‘sleeping with the enemy’, is becoming increasingly important with the wider of global competition. The purpose of research presented in this paper is to analyze the co-opetition strategy among small and medium industries. This research was conducted in the form of case studies of small and medium batik industries in the region of Central Java, Indonesia. The right co-opetition strategy would promote growth and strengthen the sustainability of Central Java batik SMEs to face global competition.The research approach applied is action research. The location of this research is in six districts in Central Java, namely Banyumas, Cilacap, Purbalingga, Banjarnegara, Kebumen and Wonosobo. In those six districts, there are batik SMEs that have the potential to grow rapidly. The results of this study indicate that batik SMEs in the region of Central Java agreed to collaborate in the form of the Central Java Batik Society 'DjamurDwipa'. The batik SME entrepreneurs in Central Java realize that they are partners in the Society and they are also competitors engaged in the same industry. For small and medium scale entrepreneurs, their collaboration is expected to increase their capability, create and capture value, get the benefit of networking. The Central Java Batik Society 'DjamurDwipa' in this study becomes one of the case models of co-opetition among small and medium industries. Review of the co-opetition among small and medium industries in this study indicate that the competitors do not always have a negative impact. Collaboration with competitors, namely co-opetition, could be able to create a synergy that can encourage the growth of small and medium industries.Keywords: Co-opetition; Colaboration; Competitor; Batik; Small Medium Enterprises.
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