General purpose of the investigation.Xature of the groups of individuals measured. Enumeration and detailed description of the testa employed. General remarks upon the tests.Use of the ntethod of Lpartial' correlation.THE following research was devised for the purpose of determining to what extent correlation exists between certain very simple mental abilities in cases where the individuals experimented upon are, as near as may be, identically situated with respect to previous practice, general training, and environment ; and how closely, if at all, these elementary abilities are related to general intellectual ability as measured by teachers' judgments, school marks, etc. Every effort was made to keep the groups of individuals tested as homogeneous as possible; and instead of measuring irrelevant factors and 'correcting' for them in the later stages of the research, the influence of such irrelevant factors was excluded right from the beginning by a rigorous segregation of the material, and in other ways.The groups of individuals to which the tests were applied, were as follows :Group I. 66 boys of a London elementary school, all between the ages 11 and 12.Group 11. 39 girls of a London elementary school, all between the ages 11 and 12.Group 111. 40 boys of a London higher grade school, all between the ages 11 and 12.The present article forms the third part of the writer's thesis on "The Use of the Theory of Correlation in Psychology,'' approved for the degree of Doctor of Science in the University of London to be published by the Cambridge University Press. The reader is referred to this publication for fuller information as to the mathematical methods employed. WILLIAM BROWNLittle need be said as to the nature of the groups. Group I11 was as homogeneous as could possibly be expected or desired. The individuals were not only of the same age but also belonged to the same form and had all worked for months past under exactly the same environment (same teacher etc.). They were however a rigorously selected class, as might be expected from the character of the school.During an entire year previous to the application of' the tests they had lived under exactly the same environment. I n Group I1 there was a slight mixing of 'standards' which introduced sotlie degree of heterogeneity, but the effect of this on the results must have been very small.Group I was also slightly heterogeneous owing to mixture of standards, and the results show that the effect of this was somewhat greater than in the preceding case.Groiip V a was fairly homogeneous, but was of course a ' selected ' group. The same remarks apply to Group V b, but, in this case, owing to the smallness of the numbers (23) tested, the results were worked out by the method of ranks (p), which was considered good enough under such circumstances, and they are recorded avowedly as mere approximations.Other groups of school children were also tested, but as the marking of the results is not yet complete, no further reference will be made to them here.AN regards the te...

1. Monitoring the response of wild mammal populations to threatening processes is fundamental to effective conservation management. This is especially true for infectious diseases, which may have dynamic and therefore unpredictable interactions with their host. 2. We investigate the long-term impact of a transmissible cancer, devil facial tumour disease (DFTD), on the endemic Tasmanian devil. We analyse trends in devil spot-light counts and density across the area impacted by the disease. We investigate the demographic parameters which might be driving these trends, and use spatial capture-recapture models to examine whether DFTD has affected home range size. 3. We found that devils have declined by an average of 77% in areas affected by DFTD, and that there is a congruent trend of ongoing small decline in spotlight counts and density estimates. Despite this, devils have persisted to date within each of nine monitoring sites. One site is showing as yet unexplained small increases in density 8–10 years after the emergence of DFTD. 4. We also found the prevalence of DFTD has not abated despite large declines in density and that diseased sites continue to be dominated by young devils. The long-term impact of the disease has been partially offset by increased fecundity in the form of precocial breeding in 1-year-old females, and more pouch young per female in diseased sites. The lower densities resulting from DFTD did not affect home range size. 5. Synthesis and applications. Transmission of devil facial tumour disease continues despite large declines in devil density over multiple generations. Plasticity in life history traits has ameliorated the impact of devil facial tumour disease, however broad-scale trends in density show ongoing decline. In light of this, devil facial tumour disease and the impact of stochastic events on the reduced densities wrought by the disease, continue to threaten devils. In the absence of methods to manage disease in wild populations, we advocate managing the low population densities resulting from disease rather than disease per se.

Color superconductivity is a possible phase of high density QCD. We present a systematic derivation of the transition temperature, T C , from the QCD Lagrangian through study of the di-quark proper vertex. With this approach, we confirm the dependence of T C on the coupling g, namely T C ∼ µg −5 e −κ/g , previously obtained from the one-gluon exchange approximation in the superconducting phase. The diagrammatic approach we employ allows us to examine the perturbative expansion of the vertex and the propagators. We find an additional O(1) contribution to the prefactor of the exponential from the one-loop quark self energy and that the other one-loop radiative contributions and the two gluon exchange vertex contribution are subleading.

, WI *This article represents the scientific opinion of many experts and, in particular, is derived from a series of workshops held under the auspices of the Federation International Pharmaceutique (FIP) and cosponsored by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (UK), the Bundesverband der Pharmazeutischen Industrie (BPI), Colloquium Pharmaceuticum (Germany), the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS, US), and the US Food and Drug Administration. It is

Juxtanuclear birefringent caps (FC) containing 10-nm filaments form during the early stages of baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cell spreading. FC are isolated from spreading cells after replating by treatment with 0.6 M KC1, 1% Triton X-100 (Robin & Haas Co., Philadelphia, Pa.) and DNase I in phosphate-buffered saline. Purified FC are birefringent and retain the pattern of distribution of 10-rim filaments that is seen in situ. Up to 90% of the FC protein is resolved as two polypeptides of ~54,000 and 55,000 molecular weight on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gels. The protein is immunologically and biochemically distinct from tubulin as determined by indirect immunofluorescence, double immunodiffusion, one-dimensional peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in SDS gels, and amino acid analysis. The BHK-21 FC amino acid composition, however, is very similar to that obtained for 10-nm filament protein derived from other sources including brain and smooth muscle. Partial disassembly of 10-rim filaments has been achieved by treatment of FC with 6 mM sodium-potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. The solubilized components assemble into distinct 10-nm filaments upon the addition of 0.171 M sodium chloride.