The occurrence of pests and diseases can affect plant health and productivity in ecosystems that are already at risk, such as tropical montane cloudforests.Theuseofnaturallyoccurringmicroorganismsisapromisingalternativetomitigateforesttreefungalpathogens.Theobjectives ofthisstudyweretoisolaterhizobacteriaassociatedwithfiveLauraceaespeciesfromaMexicantropicalmontanecloudforestandtoevaluate their antifungal activity against Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum. Fifty-six rhizobacterial isolates were assessed for mycelial growth inhibition of Fusarium spp.throughdualculture assays.Thirty-three isolates significantly reduced the growth of F. solani,while 21 isolates inhibitedthatofF.oxysporum.Theninebacterialisolatesthatinhibitedfungalgrowthbymorethan20%wereidentifiedthrough16SrDNA gene sequence analysis; they belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas,andStaphylococcus. The volatile organic compounds (VOC) produced by these nine isolates were evaluated for antifungal activity. Six isolates (Streptomyces sp., Arthrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Staphylococcus spp.) successfully inhibited F. solani mycelial growth by up to 37% through VOC emission, while only the isolate INECOL-21 (Pseudomonas sp.) inhibited F. oxysporum. This work provides information on the microbiota of Mexican Lauraceae and is one of the few studies identifying forest tree-associated microbes with inhibitory activity against tree pathogens.
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