We developed and evaluated a novel system for guiding radio-frequency catheter ablation therapy of ventricular tachycardia. This guidance system employs an Inverse Solution Guidance Algorithm (ISGA) utilizing a single equivalent moving dipole (SEMD) localization method. The method and system were evaluated in both a saline-tank phantom model and in-vivo animal (swine) experiments. A catheter with two platinum electrodes spaced 3 mm apart was used as the dipole source in the phantom study. A 40 Hz sinusoidal signal was applied to the electrode pair. In the animal study, four to eight electrodes were sutured onto the right ventricle. These electrodes were connected to a stimulus generator delivering one millisecond duration pacing pulses. Signals were recorded from 64 electrodes, located either on the inner surface of the saline-tank or the body surface of the pig, and then processed by the ISGA to localize the physical or bioelectrical SEMD. In the phantom studies, the guidance algorithm was used to advance a catheter tip to the location of the source dipole. The distance from the final position of the catheter tip to the position of the target dipole was 2.22 ± 0.78 mm in real space and 1.38± 0.78 mm in image space (computational space). The ISGA successfully tracked the locations of electrodes sutured on the ventricular myocardium and the movement of an endocardial catheter placed in the animal’s right ventricle. In conclusion, we successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using a SEMD inverse algorithm to guide a cardiac ablation catheter.
Accuracy of cardiac ablation catheter guidance by means of a single equivalent moving dipole inverse algorithm to identify sites of origin of cardiac electrical activation The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Lv, Wener et al. "Accuracy of cardiac ablation catheter guidance by means of a single equivalent moving dipole inverse algorithm to identify sites of origin of cardiac electrical activation."
Background We have introduced a method to guide radiofrequency catheter ablation (RCA) procedures that estimates the location of a catheter tip used to pace the ventricles and the target site for ablation using the single equivalent moving dipole (SEMD). Objective To investigate the accuracy of this method in resolving epicardial and endocardial electrical sources. Methods Two electrode arrays, each of nine pacing electrodes at known distances from each other, sutured on the left- and right-ventricular (LV and RV) epicardial surfaces of swine, were used to pace the heart at multiple rates, while body surface potentials from 64 sites were recorded and used to estimate the SEMD location. A similar approach was followed for pacing from catheters in the LV and RV. Results The overall (RV & LV) error in estimating the interelectrode distance of adjacent epicardial electrodes was 0.38 ± 0.45 cm. The overall endocardial (RV & LV) interelectrode distance error, was 0.44 ± 0.26 cm. Heart rate did not significantly affect the error of the estimated SEMD location (P > 0.05). The guiding process error became progressively smaller as the SEMD approached an epicardial target site and close to the target, the overall absolute error was ~0.28 cm. The estimated epicardial SEMD locations preserved their topology in image space with respect to their corresponding physical location of the epicardial electrodes. Conclusion The proposed algorithm suggests one can efficiently and accurately resolve epicardial electrical sources without the need of an imaging modality. In addition, the error in resolving these sources is sufficient to guide RCA procedures. (PACE 2014; 37:1038–1050)
Radio-frequency catheter ablation (RCA) is an established treatment for ventricular tachycardia (VT). A key feature of the RCA procedure is the need for a mapping approach that facilitates the identification of the target ablation site. In this study, we investigate the effect of the location of the reference potential and spatial anatomical constraints on the accuracy of an algorithm to identify the target site for ablation therapy of VT. This algorithm involves processing body surface potentials using the single equivalent moving dipole (SEMD) model embedded in an infinite homogeneous volume conductor to model cardiac electrical activity. We employed a swine animal model and an electrode array of nine electrodes that was sutured on the epicardial surface of the right ventricle. We identified two potential reference electrode locations: at an electrode most far away from the heart (R1) and at the average of all 64 body surface electrode potentials (R2). Also, we developed three spatial "constraining" schemes of the algorithm used to obtain the SEMD location: one that does not impose any constraint on the inverse solution (S1), one that constrains the solution into a volume that corresponds to the heart (S2), and one that constrains the solution into a volume that corresponds to the body surface (S3). We have found that R2S1 is the most accurate approach (p < 0.05 versus R1S1 at earliest activation time-EAT) for localizing epicardial electrical sources of known locations in vivo. Although the homogeneous volume conductor introduces systematic error in the estimated compared to the true dipole location, we have observed that the overall error of the estimated interelectrode distance compared to the true one was 0.4 ± 0.4 cm and 0.4 ± 0.1 cm for the R1S1 and R2S1 combinations, respectively, at the EAT (p = N.S.) and 1.0 ± 0.6 and 0.5 ± 0.4 cm, respectively, at the pacing spike time (PST, ). In conclusion, our algorithm to estimate the SEMD parameters from body surface potentials can potentially be a useful method to rapidly and accurately guide the catheter tip to the target site during a RCA procedure without the need for spatial anatomical information obtained by conventional imaging modalities.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.