The microstructure evolution of 316L stainless steels subjected to torsion deformation and its corrosion resistance in 1 M H2SO4 solutions were studied. Microstructure evolution of the annealed and torsion-processed samples was characterized by x-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction techniques. The results showed that no martensitic transformation occurred during torsion deformation, while dynamic recrystallization occurred within the samples slowing down the tendency of increasing dislocation density and storage energy. Electrochemical tests including potentiodynamic polarization tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used in the 1 M H2SO4 solution to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the annealed and torsion-processed samples. The results illustrated that small deformation (torsion for 1 turn) could enhance the corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steels by increasing the stability of the passive film, the medium deformation (torsion for 3 turns) will deteriorate the corrosion resistance due to high-density dislocations formed during torsion deformation, while large deformation (torsion for 5 turns) could improve the corrosion resistance compared with the medium deformation due to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization and the high-density deformation twins formed.
The influences of combined torsion-tension deformation on the microstructural evolution and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel were investigated. The microstructure and corrosion behavior of the deformation samples were studied in detail. The results showed that the grains were more significantly refined under combined deformation than under tensile deformation. However, further increase in pre-torsion led to little change in grain size. The results of transmission electron microscopy and corrosion tests results indicated that high-density dislocations were detrimental, whereas the corrosion resistance, grain refinement and deformation twins were beneficial to corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the effect of deformation twins on corrosion resistance was greater than that of dislocation density, which, in turn, was greater than the influence of grain size.
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