Many software tools have been developed for the automated identification of peptides from tandem mass spectra. The accuracy and sensitivity of the identification software via database search are critical for successful proteomics experiments. A new database search tool, PEAKS DB, has been developed by incorporating the de novo sequencing results into the database search. PEAKS DB achieves significantly improved accuracy and sensitivity over two other commonly used software packages. Additionally, a new result validation method, decoy fusion, has been introduced to solve the issue of overconfidence that exists in the conventional target decoy method for certain types of peptide identification software.
Background
We evaluated an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for immunogenicity and safety in adults aged 18-59 years.
Methods
In this randomized, double-blinded and controlled trial, healthy adults received a medium (MD) or a high dose (HD) of the vaccine at an interval of either 14 days or 28 days. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) and anti-S and anti-N antibodies were detected at different times, and adverse reactions were monitored for 28 days after full immunization.
Results
A total of 742 adults were enrolled in the immunogenicity and safety analysis. Among subjects in the 0, 14 procedure, the seroconversion rates of NAb in MD and HD groups were 89% and 96% with GMTs of 23 and 30, respectively, at day 14 and 92% and 96% with GMTs of 19 and 21, respectively at day 28 after immunization. Anti-S antibodies had GMTs of 1883 and 2370 in MD and 2295 and 2432 in HD group. Anti-N antibodies had GMTs of 387 and 434 in MD group and 342 and 380 in HD group. Among subjects in the 0, 28 procedure, seroconversion rates for NAb at both doses were both 95% with GMTs of 19 at day 28 after immunization. Anti-S antibodies had GMTs of 937 and 929 for MD and HD group, and anti-N antibodies had GMTs of 570 and 494 for MD and HD group, respectively. No serious adverse events were observed during the study period.
Conclusion
Adults vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine had NAb as well as anti-S/N antibody, and had a low rate of adverse reactions.
Clinical trials registration
NCT04412538.
The oxide‐ion conductivity behavior of 10 mol% Sc2O3–ZrO2 co‐doped with 1 mol% trivalent metal oxide has been determined from 350°C to 700°C in air. All the powders were synthesized using conventional solid‐oxide route. XRD patterns collected at room temperature show the presence of β‐phase in the predominant cubic phase in 1Sc10ScSZ, 1Yb10ScSZ, and 1Y10ScSZ, although 1In10ScSZ consist entirely of β‐phase at ambient temperature. As evident from the cubic symmetry of 1Gd10ScSZ and 1Sm10ScSZ, the β‐phase can be suppressed by the slight addition of co‐dopant elements of larger ionic radius. The total conductivity of 1M10ScSZ initially increases with increasing size of the co‐dopant, reaches a maximum at ~0.95 Å and thereafter decreases. At 600°C, 1Yb10ScSZ exhibits the highest total conductivity, namely 14 mS/cm. The grain interior and the grain boundary follow similar conductivity trends with the maximum at 1In10ScSZ and 1Y10ScSZ, respectively. Around 475°C, 1In10ScSZ but not other compositions exhibits an abrupt drop in the conductivity on cooling, due to the cubic to β‐phase transformation. At 600°C, the activation energy for the oxide‐ion conductivity in 1M10ScSZ compositions ranges from 1.06 to 1.15 eV, with 1Yb10ScSZ exhibiting the smallest value. Long‐term stability studies of the conductivity were performed on the sintered pellet of 1Yb10ScSZ in both oxidizing and reducing conditions at 600°C. After 2000 h of exposure to air and reducing conditions, the 1Yb10ScSZ composition shows 9.1% and 12.0% loss in the total conductivity, respectively. After the first 1000 h, 1Yb10ScSZ exhibited a degradation rate of ~1.1%/1000 h in both the conditions. From impedance studies, it was shown that, during annealing, the grain interior resistivity remains almost stable, while only grain boundary contributes toward the rise in total resistivity in both the conditions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.