Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan dan menerapkan tes diagnostik pilihan ganda tiga tingkat untuk mengukur pemahaman representasi grafik mahasiswa terkait esensi inkuiri sains dan materi optika geometri. Penelitian menggunakan metode campuran melibatkan 83 mahasiswa calon guru fisika di satu LPTK Sumatera Utara. Instrumen tes diagnostik terlebih dahulu didesain kemudian disempurnakan selama proses, direvisi, dan digunakan untuk mendeteksi dan menilai pemahaman representasi grafik mahasiswa calon guru fisika. Instrumen tes telah dikembangkan untuk dapat mendiagnosis dan memperbaiki kesalahan-kesalahan yang dilakukan calon guru fisika terkait dengan keterampilan mengonstruk grafik, menemukan kesulitan-kesulitan dalam membaca dan menginterpretasi grafik. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil studi menunjukkan pembacaan grafik dan keterampilan menginterpretasi grafik calon guru fisika masih belum memadai dan juga kemahiran dalam menganalisis grafik bergantung pada jenis grafik dan level atau tipe pertanyaan yang dikembangkan. Kata Kunci: representasi grafik, optik geometri, diagnostik tes ASSESSING OF UNDERSTANDING GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION CONTENT GEOMETRICAL OPTIC USING DIAGNOSTIC TESTAbstract: The purpose of this study is to develop and apply three tier multiple choice diagnostic test to measure student's understanding of graphical representation about essential features of inquiry and content geometrical optic. The study was conducted using mixed methods and carried out with 83 prephysics teachers at a University of Teachers Education in North Sumatera. The diagnostic instrument was designed and then progressively refined, revised, and implemented to detect and assess student's understanding of graphical representation. Test instrument was developed to diagnose and correct the mistakes made by pre-service physics teachers about construction graphic skills, difficulties in the reading and interpretation graphical representation. The results of this study showed that graph reading and interpretation skills of pre service teachers were inadequate and also their graphing analysis varies depending on the type of graph and level type of question was developed.
Science and technology advances provide space for teachers to be able to create a variety of learning media that can be used in the learning process This study is aimes to determined the process of implementation of learning and improvement of students learning critical thingking with video technology media based on heat and temperature at class XI MIPA of MAN Serdang Bedagai. Video technology media based on heat temperature is a form of learning media that can accommodate student learning needs in accordance with the critical thingking of students. The method is quasi experimental type of research while subject of this research are students of class XI MIPA 1 dan XI MIPA 2 academic year 2019 / 2020 which consist of 60 students. Data collection techniques is test with the instrument of written test of essay that consist of 15 questions. The stages in this research are preliminary study, video design, research implementation and conclusions.
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is an assessment of global competency in education that leads to adoption and development of sophisticated to equip next-generation for success in education and produce the world-renowned tech entrepreneurs. Asian countries dominate the top of the PISA rankings with the strongest performance than all regions in the OECD country. However, a reverse trend is observed in ASEAN middle-income countries because of disparities in access to basic education, particularly between rural and urban area, and also in teacher qualifications and quality of curricula. Indonesia is one of the countries facing this problem. The latest PISA report shows science education in Indonesian claims the 0.8 % of share top performers in at least one subject, which science, literacy and math. Indonesia's average ranking across the three subjects is 69th out of 79 countries PISA. This score is lower than Singapore, 1st rank in applied PISA to education system in world. In consequent of the current curriculum system does not accustom students to works on a problem that can encourage, stimulate, and analyse a problem using high-level comprehension skill. So, these problems require further analysis by finding a solution to the problem involves constructing system, knowledge, and competencies that will transform the current curriculum to reach the aims of PISA.
This study aims to develop an objective test of high-level knowledge of the subject of Temperature and Heat in high school that meets good test qualification standards in terms of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, discriminatory power and effectiveness of distractors. This type of research is development research, using the ADDIE research development method with the stages of analysis, design, development, and evaluation. In the analysis stage, the results obtained are minimal variations in the assessment and students are still lacking in obtaining physics questions for high-level knowledge of the temperature and heat material. The material about physics developed includes temperature, heat, expansion, Black's Principle, heat transfer, changes in the state of matter, ideal gases and thermodynamics. In the design phase, 50 items were obtained based on high-level knowledge analysis. The development stage obtained 38 items in the very valid category with a percentage of 92.4% based on content validation by 3 experts, both in terms of material, construct, and language. The results of the implementation and evaluation stages show that of the 50 items developed, 39 items have met the criteria for good test quality, based on the validity, reliability, discriminating power, level of difficulty, and effectiveness of distractors in small group trials and group trials big.
Tiga puluh butir soal dan dua puluh butir soal instrumen tes diagnostik pilihan ganda tiga tingkat telah dikembangkan untuk mendeteksi kemampuan pengetahuan esensi inkuiri sains dan pengetahuan konten Optika Geometri mahasiswa calon guru Fisika. Metode campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif digunakan dalam mengembangkan tes diagnostik selama dua bulan proses perkuliahan Optika Geometri yang melibatkan 38 mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian adalah pengembangan dan penerapan tes diagnostik untuk mengukur pemahaman mahasiswa tentang esensi inkuiri sains dan materi Optika Geometri. Instrumen tes diagnostik terlebih dahulu didesain, kemudian disempurnakan selama proses, direvisi dan digunakan untuk mendeteksi dan menilai pemahaman mahasiswa terkait pengetahuan esensi inkuiri sains dan materi Optika Geometri. Setiap butir soal dirancang memiliki tiga tingkat, tingkat konten (content tier) mengukur kemampuan pengetahuan Optika Geometri atau kemampuan esensi inkuiri sains; tingkat alasan (reason tier) mengukur kemampuan penjelasan atau eksplanatori pengetahuan yang mendasari memilih salah satu jawaban; dan tingkat kepercayaan (confidence tier) untuk mengukur derajat keyakinan dalam menentukan jawaban dan alasan yang dipilih.Versi akhir dari instrumen tes memiliki reliabilitas Cronbach alpha untuk tes inkuiri sains 0,87 dan untuk tes materi Optika Geometri 0,83. Bukti validitas diperoleh dari pertimbangan tiga dosen pakar dan analisis teknik korelasional antar skor validator untuk memperlihatkan konsistensinya.
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