Introduction Even though the World Health Organization recommends daily oral iron with folic acid (IFA) supplementation as part of the antenatal care to prevent anemia, still the utilization remains low in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of adherence of iron with folic acid supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women who were attending antenatal care (ANC). Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 24 to March 23, 2020. Four hundred and twenty-two participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview. Data were entered and analyzed using EpiData and SPSS version 20.0, respectively. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify associated factors of adherence, and P <0.05 was used as cutoff to determine statistical significance at multivariable logistics regressions. Results In this study, 414 (98%) pregnant women participated. The mean age of the respondents was 28.69 ±SD 5.49 years. The magnitude of adherence of IFA supplementation among pregnant women was 67.6% (95%CI: 63.3–72.5). Pregnant women who had a past history of preterm delivery (AOR=3.70; 95%CI: 1.46–9.37), counseling on IFA supplementation (AOR=2.28; 95%CI: 1.15–4.53), high perceived benefit (AOR=2.72; 95%CI: 1.25–5.90) and high self-efficacy (AOR=2.91; 95%CI: 1.40–6.04) were found to be significant associated factors of adherence to IFA supplementation. Conclusion In this study, adherence to IFA supplementation among pregnant women is relatively high. Past history of preterm delivery, counseling on IFA supplementation, perceived benefit and self-efficiency had association with adherence to IFA supplementation. Proper counseling and health education should be given to pregnant women to increase their adherence.

Background Cervical cancer screening is consistently effective in reducing the incidence and mortality rates associated with cervical cancer. However, very few women have received cervical cancer screening in the developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to assess cervical cancer screening intention and its predictors among child bearing age women in Bahir Dar city, North-West Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 832 child bearing age women using a multistage sampling technique between March and April, 2018. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Data were entered and analyzed using EpiData and SPSS version 20.0, respectively. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were done to identify predictors of intention, and P <0.05 was used as a cutoff to determine statistical significance at multiple regressions. Results Eight hundred and thirty-two (98%) respondents participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 31±SD 7.23 years, ranging from 18–49 years. The majority (61.4%) of the participants were married. The mean score of intention to receive cervical cancer screening was 10.5±2.03, with a minimum and maximum sore of 5 and 15, respectively. Four hundred and fifty-eight (55%) (95% CI=51.7–58.3) respondents scored above the mean score. Direct perceived behavioral control (β=0.19, P <0.001), direct subjective norm (β=0.06, P <0.001), direct attitude (β=0.15, P <0.001), and past screening experience (β=0.64, P <0.001) were found to be significant predictors of intention. Conclusion Perceived behavioral control, attitude towards the behavior, subjective norm, and past screening experience were the predictors of intention, and perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor. Hence, behavioral change communication interventions are crucial to change their attitude and empower them to evaluate their control and normative beliefs.

Background In sub-Saharan Africa, there are several socio-economic and cultural factors which affect women’s ability to make decision regarding their own health including the use of contraceptives. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine factors associated with decision-making power of married women to use family planning service (contraceptives) in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods The appended, most recent demographic and health survey datasets of 35 sub-Saharan countries were used. A total weighted sample of 83,882 women were included in the study. Both bivariable and multivariable multilevel logistic regression were done to determine the associated factors of decision-making power of married women to use family planning service in sub-Saharan countries. The Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was calculated for those potential variables included in the final model. Results Married women with primary education (AOR = 1.24; CI:1.16,1.32), secondary education (AOR = 1.31; CI:1.22,1.41), higher education (AOR = 1.36; CI:1.20,1.53), media exposure (AOR = 1.08; CI: 1.03, 1.13), currently working (AOR = 1.27; CI: 1.20, 1.33), 1–3 antenatal care visits (AOR = 1.12; CI:1.05,1.20), ≥ 4 ANC visits (AOR = 1.14;CI:1.07,1.21), informed about family planning (AOR = 1.09; CI: 1.04, 1.15), having less than 3 children (AOR = 1.12; CI: 1.02, 1.23) and 3–5 children (AOR = 1.08; CI: 1.01, 1.16) had higher odds of decision-making power to use family planning. Mothers who are 15–19 (AOR = 0.61; CI: 0.52, 0.72), 20–24 (AOR = 0.69; CI: 0.60, 0.79), 25–29 (AOR = 0.74; CI: 0.66, 0.84), and 30–34 years of age (AOR = 0.82; CI: 0.73, 0.92) had reduced odds off decision-making power to use family planning as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion Age, women’s level of education, occupation of women and their husbands, wealth index, media exposure, ANC visit, fertility preference, husband’s desire in terms of number of children, region and information about family planning were factors associated with decision-making power to use family planning among married women.

Introduction Women in Ethiopia prefer sedentary behavior and are physically inactive during pregnancy; this increases the risks of pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess physical exercise and its associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care at Debermarkose Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: using the theory of planned behavior. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 23rd February to 10th June, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 333 study participants. Data were collected with face-to-face interviews using a pretested structured questionnaire. Epi-info and STATA version 14.0 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis was done to identify the association between dependent and independent factors, and p < 0.05 was used as a cutoff to determine statistical significance at multivariable logistics regressions. Result A total of 333 pregnant women were participated in this study with response rate of 98%. The proportion of variance (R2) in intention accounted for the factors was 0.79. The magnitude of intention to do physical exercise during the current pregnancy was 3.8 ± 2. primary level of education (β = 0.43; 95% CI 0.25, 0.61), 2nd trimester gestational age (β = 0.19; 95% CI 0.04, 0.33), 3rd trimester gestational age (β = 0.17; 95% CI 0.02, 0.32), Attitude (β = 0.34; 95% CI 0.19, 0.49), subjective norm (β = 0.12; 95% CI 0.01, 0.23) and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.45; 95% CI 0.33, 0.57) were significantly associated with pregnant womens’ intention to do physical exercise during pregnancy period. Conclusion and recommendations This study provided that the theory of planned behavior could be successfully applied to identify the factors related to the intention to do physical exercise during pregnancy The program designers who work on pregnancy better consider providing Information education and communication to change the attitude, work on influencing significant individuals and barriers and enabling factors.

Background Youths are people aged between 15 and 24 years. Globally, there were 37.7 million people living with HIV/AIDS, and 90% occur among youths. Despite enormous efforts made in Ethiopia to improve the reproductive health of the youth the utilization is still low. There is no study conducted on YFRHS utilization and associated factors among youths in East Belesa. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess YFRHS utilization and its associated factors among secondary school youths in East Belesa district. Objective To assess the prevalence of youth friendly reproductive health service utilization and associated factors among secondary school students in East Belesa district, Ethiopia, 2022. Method Institution based cross-sectional study design was used with a total sample size of 347 youths in East Belesa schools from May 23 to June 12, 2022. Stratified simple random sampling was employed. Data were entered using EpiData and analyzed using Stata version 14. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression were done to describe and identify factors associated with reproductive health services utilization. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare a level of significance. Results A total of 346 students participated in the study with a response rate of 99.8%.the magnitude of youth friendly reproductive health service utilization was 28.9% (24.3, 33.9). Being married (AOR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.14, 0.52), mothers attended higher education (AOR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.87, 4.95), availability (AOR = 2.58. 95%CI: 1.29, 5.16) and students who had never discussed about reproductive issues with their families (AOR = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.07, 0.49) were significantly associated with youth friendly service utilization. Therefore, behavior change communication interventions targeted at advancing mothers’ knowledge, encouraging open discussion between parents and children, and enhancing the availability of youth friendly services are important to enhance youth friendly service utilization.