Similar forms often evolve repeatedly in nature, raising longstanding questions about the underlying mechanisms. Here we use repeated evolution in sticklebacks to identify a large set of genomic loci that change recurrently during colonization of new freshwater habitats by marine fish. The same loci used repeatedly in extant populations also show rapid allele frequency changes when new freshwater populations are experimentally established from marine ancestors. Dramatic genotypic and phenotypic changes arise within 5-7 years, facilitated by standing genetic variation and linkage between adaptive regions. Both the speed and location of changes can be predicted using empirical observations of recurrence in natural populations or fundamental genomic features like allelic age, recombination rates, density of divergent loci, and overlap with mapped traits. A composite model trained on these stickleback features can also predict the location of key evolutionary loci in Darwin’s finches, suggesting similar features are important for evolution across diverse taxa.
Ovarian cancer in patients with a history of breast carcinoma is not uncommon. We report here a case of successful management of a patient with ovarian cancer with omental tissue metastasis in a 40-year-old woman having poor ejection fraction with a prior history of breast cancer. The patient presented with enlarged ovaries with solid cystic masses suggestive of poorly differentiated metastatic carcinoma. In view of poor ejection fraction (heart failure) in the ovarian cancer patient, nanosomal docetaxel lipid suspension (NDLS, DoceAqualip) in combination with carboplatin was used in a neoadjuvant setting followed by surgical resection. This is the first such case report showing the successful treatment of carcinoma of ovary, with omental tissue metastasis, with DoceAqualip in a neoadjuvant setting followed by bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in a patient having heart failure with a prior history of breast carcinoma.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.