Kegunaan labu kuning di Indonesia masih sebatas daging buah yang dapat diolah menjadi panganan seperti kue basah, kolak dan sayur berkuah. Secara empiris, biji labu kuning telah digunakan untuk mengatasi cacingan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui mortalitas cacing gelang (Ascaridia galli) dalam ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor Ascaridia galli yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kelompok I kontrol negatif menggunakan larutan NaCl fisiologis, kelompok II kontrol positif menggunakan larutan pirantel pamoat 0,5 %, kelompok III, IV dan V berturut-turut menggunakan 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml dan 100 mg/ml ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning. Parameter penelitian ini ditentukan dengan melihat persentase nilai skor pasca inkubasi 12 jam, 24 jam, dan 36 jam. Skor 3 diberikan apabila seluruh tubuh Ascaridia galli bergerak, skor 2 diberikan jika hanya sebagian tubuh Ascaridia galli bergerak, skor 1 jika Ascaridia galli diam tetapi masih hidup, dan skor 0 apabila Ascaridia galli mati. Hasil uji in vitro dengan perlakuan 25 mg/ml ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning menyebabkan kematian 3 ekor Ascaridia galli atau 60% pasca inkubasi 36 jam, sedangkan ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning dengan perlakuan 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml dan kelompok kontrol positif mengakibatkan kematian 4 ekor Ascaridia galli atau 80% pasca inkubasi 36 jam. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol biji labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) dosis 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, dan 100 mg/ml secara in vitro dalam waktu 36 jam mampu mengakibatkan mortalitas Ascaridia galli. The use of yellow pumpkin in Indonesia is still limited to fruit meat that can be processed into snacks such as soggy cakes, porridge and vegetable soup. This research was conducted to determine the mortality of Ascaridia galli in ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). This study used 25 Ascaridia galli which were divided into 5 groups, group I was negative control using physiological NaCl solution, group II was positive control using 0.5% pirantel pamoate solution, group III, IV and V respectively used 25 mg / ml, 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds. The parameters of this study were determined by looking at the percentage of post-incubation scores 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. A score of 3 is given if the whole body of Ascaridia galli moves, a score of 2 is given if only part of the body of Ascaridia galli moves, a score of 1 if Ascaridia galli is still but still alive, and a score of 0 if Ascaridia galli dies. In vitro test results with 25 mg/ml ethanol extract of pumpkin seeds caused 3 deaths of Ascaridia galli or 60% after incubation for 36 hours, while ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds treated with 50 mg / ml, 100 mg/ml and positive control group resulting in the death of 4 Ascaridia galli or 80% after 36 hours incubation. From the results of the study concluded that the ethanol extract of yellow pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) doses of 25 mg / ml, 50 mg / ml, and 100 mg / ml in vitro within 36 hours can lead to Ascaridia galli mortality.
Objective: Crustacean shell waste is not currently used to its full potential. Most waste from crustaceans used in food pollutes the environment. Widely found in crab shell waste and shrimp shell waste, chitosan is a modification of chitin compounds. This study aims to utilize crustacean shell waste (crab shell waste and shrimp shell waste) as a natural adsorbent against heavy metals and dyes in the form of chitosan. Methods: This study includes the steps of extracting chitosan from crab shell waste and shrimp shell waste, followed by adsorption capacity tests against heavy metals (mercury and arsenic) and dyes (tartrazine and amaranth). Results: Chitosan sourced from both crab shell waste and shrimp shell waste met the physical and chemical characteristic requirements, and the yield was 28.19% and 18.33%, respectively. The adsorption capacity against heavy metals and dyes from crab shell waste chitosan ranged from 43.4% to 55.6% and the shrimp shell waste chitosan ranged from 50.8% to 60.2%. Conclusion: Crustacean shell waste can be processed into chitosan, which is valuable and can be used as a natural adsorbent against heavy metals and dyes for wastewater treatment in several industrial sectors.
Black cumin plant seed or black seed (Nigella sativa L.) is among the most commonly used spices. This plant is grown mostly for its spicy seeds. Studies have reported that black cumin seeds have high levels of antioxidant that correlates with anticancer activities. The current study aims to determine the cytotoxic effect of black seed extracts on brine shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach) using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Black cumin seed extract was obtained through percolation method using an extraction solvent (ethanol 96%). The cytotoxicity test was performed at 0 ppm concentration (control) and 10, 50, 100, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations of black seed extracts. We use 10 Brine Shrimp larvae per tube and repeated the test three times for each test group. Our results show that ethanolic extract (90%) of black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa L.) has a strong cytotoxic effect on Artemia salina larvae with the LC50 value of 107.2 ppm.
Background: In developed countries cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Cancer prevention can be done with synthetic or traditional medicine. However, synthetic treatments often cause side effects and of course require high costs. Java Cardamom (Amomum compactum Soland. Ex Maton) is a plant that contains antioxidants. Antioxidants can inhibit oxidation reactions by binding to free radicals and molecules that are very reactive so that cell damage can be prevented. Cardamom contains flavonoids which can induce cell death programs as well as tannins as free radical scavengers.Objectives: This study aims to determine the LC50 value of Java cardamom (Amomum compactum Soland. Ex Maton) on Artemia salina Leach.Methods: This study was an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) using 180 artemia larvae which were divided into 6 treatment groups. Each group included 10 artemia larvae with varying concentrations of 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 100 ppm, 50 ppm, 10 ppm and 0 ppm (not given extract). Three repetitions were performed for each concentration.Results: The results showed from the observations obtained the LC50 value of Java cardamom extract is 26.60 ppm. So that the Java cardamom extract (Amomum compactum Soland. Ex Maton) has the potential as an anticancer (cytotoxic).Conclusion: Java cardamom extract (Amomum compactum Soland. Ex Maton) is active and can be developed as an anticancer compound.
The development of a method for identification and determination of thiamphenicol by Fourier Transform Infrared will provide convenience to developers because it is fast and easy for analysis. The research was carried out by utilizing the solubility of thiamphenicol in methanol with three stages, namely method development, sample analysis, and method validation. The method development stage showed that the specific peak of thiamphenicol was at a peak with a wavenumber of 1694.1 cm−1; this specific peak of thiamphenicol was used for qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of thiamphenicol in the capsule dosage form. The sample analysis showed that all analyzed thiamphenicol in capsule dosage form showed good results both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitatively all the samples analyzed showed a specific peak at specific positions and specific wavenumbers. These results meet the requirements for containing thiamphenicol in the dosage form. Quantitatively all the samples analyzed ranged from 97.97% to 102.24% by peak height and peak area. These results meet the requirements for active substance levels in general preparations within 90.0% to 110.0%. The method validation for peak height and peak area showed that the accuracy parameter had a recovery percentage of 100.28% and 100.41% (between 98.0% to 102.0%), the precision parameter with a relative standard deviation of 0.31% and 0.37% (not more than 2.0%), and the linearity parameter with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999 and 0.9997 (not less than 0.99). The limit of detection value was 0.2971 mg/mL and 0.5338 mg/mL, the limit of quantitation value was 0.9004 mg/mL and 1.6176 mg/mL, the range for both was 80% to 120%, and the specificity for both met the requirement. The Fourier Transform Infrared method has been successfully developed, applied, and validated for qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of thiamphenicol in capsule dosage form.
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