SummaryFascioloidosis is a parasitic disease of primary wild and domestic ruminants, caused by a digenean trematode, Fascioloides magna. The fi nal hosts of F. magna are divided according to the host-parasite interactions into defi nitive, dead end and aberrant. The clinical appearance, pathology, outcome of disease, and its importance in disease epidemiology vary with different host types. According to this division, wild boar (Sus scrofa) are characterized as a dead end host. In this paper we analysed 12 wild boar livers from Croatia. Eleven of them contained pigment traces, pseudocysts, degrading pseudocysts, fl uke migratory channels, live and degrading fl ukes. F. magna eggs were found in pseudocysts, but no eggs were recovered from faeces. Concurrent infection with F. magna and Fasciola hepatica was detected in one liver. According to everything we observed, wild boar currently has no direct role in maintaining and spreading the disease.
Fascioloidosis is a parasitic disease caused by a trematode Fascioloides magna. Since major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes play an important role in the immune response, the aim of this study was to compare the potential differences in MHC class II SLA-DRB1 exon 2 genes between wild boar populations from infected (cases) and non-infected areas (controls). During the winter of 2021, a total of 136 wild boar tissue samples were collected, 39 cases and 97 controls. DNA was extracted and sequenced using the Illumina platform. Differences in distributions of allele combinations were calculated using the Chi-Square test for homogeneity and between proportions using the large-sample test and Fisher–Irwin test. Analysis revealed 19 previously described swine leucocyte antigen (SLA) alleles. The number of polymorphic sites was 79 (29.6%), with 99 mutations in total. Nucleotide diversity π was estimated at 0.11. Proportions of the alleles SLA-DRB1*12:05 (p = 0.0008379) and SLA-DRB1*0101 (p = 0.0002825) were statistically significantly higher in controls, and proportions of the SLA-DRB1*0602 (p = 0.006059) and SLA-DRB1*0901 (p = 0.0006601) in cases. Alleles SLA-DRB1*04:09, SLA-DRB1*0501, SLA-DRB1*11:09, and SLA-DRB1*1301 were detected only in cases, while SLA-DRB1*0404, SLA-DRB1*0701, SLA-DRB1*02:10, and SLA-DRB1*04:08 were present only in controls. We did not confirm the existence of specific alleles that could be linked to F. magna infection. Detected high variability of the MHC class II SLA-DRB1 exon 2 genes indicate high resistance potential against various pathogens.
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