There are two types of floods in Jakarta: upstream flooding and local flooding. In general, floods in DKI Jakarta are caused by local floods. The main cause of this flood is the occurrence of high rainfall, poor drainage system, and land subsidence. This study will analyse the local flood that occurred in Gunung Sahari, Central Jakarta. Judging from the existing conditions, sedimentation occurs in the drainage channels. This sedimentation causes a reduction in the existing channel capacity. Based on a hydrological and channel capacity analysis, the existing drainage channels are designed based on annual rainfall i.e. return period 1-2 years, which is 133.10 mm/day. Flood modelling is done for existing conditions. Based on the results of modelling, floods that occur in locations between 50 cm - 100 cm. Due to dense housing conditions, widening and normalizing the channel is difficult. Therefore, flood reduction will be assisted by pumps. The pump will be installed in the downstream of the main drain, which is connected to Mati River. This pump is designed with a capacity of 0.5 m3 / sec. Based on the results of modelling, with a largest pump capacity of 0.5 m3/sec, flooding is only reduced by 5 cm - 7 cm. Due to the lack of effectiveness of the pump, retention ponds will be designed to reduce surface runoff. Retention ponds are designed with an area of 1 ha and a depth of 1.5 m. Modelling is done in the presence of a retention pond. With the addition of retention ponds, annual flooding for the 2-year return period on Gunung Sahari could be reduced. Therefore, the discharge that will be received by the drainage channel will be smaller than the capacity of the channel itself and the flood will be completely reduced.
This paper presents experimental results and the development of a numerical model for simulating dam break flood wave propagation. Floods caused by dam breaks have special flow characteristics due to potential energy caused by upstream and downstream elevation differences, and very high flow rates, from the collapse of the dam wall. The physical model is built on a horizontal channel, with 10 meters length and 1-meter width. The reservoirs used are upstream and downstream. Channels used are made of steel materials with negligible friction. The building used is made from wood with a volume of 10x10x40 cm. Flood wave propagation is modelled as a flash flood due to the mass movement of water in large quantities with the sudden opening of water gates. As the initial conditions, the door will be closed. On the upstream of the door, given the initial conditions of water level. Physical models result is used as calibration of numerical models. The developed numeric model is open foam that produces 3D modeling. The result of the physical model and numerical model show the highest flow velocity and good agreement of the pattern of flow velocity profiles during the first 3 seconds. The comparison of the Numerical model and Physical Model indicates whether the numerical model is feasible for use in dam-break modeling. For better results, it is necessary to develop a further model. Solutions to this physical and numerical model can be part of the mitigation effort in case the disaster phenomenon occurs.
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