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Microbiological and sensory evaluations of bread and ketchup supplemented with β-D-glucan hydrogels isolated from wheat, oat, barley, and rye were carried out. Adding hydrocolloids did not affect sensory parameters of bread negatively; moreover rye and oat β-D-glucans improved the total tastiness of bread. Water activity values in fortifi ed breads showed β-D-glucans, except isolated from oat, as elements moderately increasing this parameter and subsequently increasing also bread freshness during the storage. All β-D-glucans resulted in softening the acidic taste of ketchup and did not negatively infl uence the total tastiness. Quality of fortifi ed fresh tomato ketchups and stored for 180 days, were also not negatively infl uenced by the addition of hydrocolloids. Therefore, cereal hydrocolloids could be very perspective in the further exploitation in preparing new health-benefi cial foods.

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In the present study the degree of partial resistance (PR) of eleven hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes was evaluated in laboratory (ratio of infection units in stage of second germ tube elongation versus stage of appressorium formation -ESH/App) and field conditions (calculating area under the disease progress curve -AUDPC). Based on the obtained data, genotypes with high degree of PR (Estica, GK Csornoc and Lívia), middle-resistant genotypes (Sana, Mv Vilma and Folio), genotypes with low portion of PR (Barbara, Torysa and Proteinka), and supersensitive genotypes (Renesansa and Am22/99) were differentiated. Both approaches appeared to be suitable for PR measuring with a good discriminating capability between the given genotypes. The results were equivalent in both instances. In addition, a new statistical approach permitting comparison of the obtained data is described.

Abstract:The objective of this paper was to adapt PCR-based detection method for R. secalis and P. teres DNA isolated from pathogens and also from artificially infected juvenile leaves and seeds using pathogen-specific primers. It has been proven that primers specific to P. teres and R. secalis can reliably diagnose pathogen DNA as well as its presence in the mixture with barley DNA. Two primers set for detection of R. secalis were compared. The intensity of the corresponding DNA band after amplification with primer pair RS1-RS3 was higher than that amplified with RS8-RS9. The primer set RS1-RS3 was also used to detect R. secalis in barley seeds. DNA from infected seeds was isolated by two ways -according to the method of D��������� et al. (1983) or by the Adgen DNA Extraction System. The DNA extracted using the Adgen kit showed higher quality, however the amplification of the pathogen DNA was accomplished in both cases.