Background: Preeclampsia is pregnancy specific disease, lead to maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study is conducted to identify the socio demographic profile of subjects suffering from preeclampsia and its effect on maternal and fetal health.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology, Kamla Nehru State Hospital, Shimla, in this, 100 preeclamptic women were included. Preeclampsia was diagnosed with blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg noted for the first-time during pregnancy, after 20 wks of gestation and proteinuria. Demographic details were collected. Investigations i.e. hemogram, liver and renal function tests, coagulation profile and fundoscopy were done. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were recorded.Results: In this study, majority of the subjects were primigravida 65. In this, 11 subjects had systolic blood pressure of 140-159 mmHg and 89 subjects had systolic blood pressure of > 160 mmHg. 25 subjects had diastolic blood pressure of 90-109 mmHg and 75 subjects had diastolic blood pressure of > 110 mmHg. In this, 82 subjects had warning symptoms, mainly headache 49. 14 subjects showed hypertensive changes in fundus. Unfavorable Bishop Score, observed in 86 subjects and 78 subjects were induced after controlling blood pressure. Majority of subjects had vaginal delivery 73. Majority of the subjects had deranged liver function 61. Maternal morbidity was reported in 54 subjects. Intrauterine death reported in 14 subjects. Birth weight was < 2.5 kg was observed in 70 babies. Out of 74 live births, 53 neonates required admission in NICU and 16 neonates died in NICU.Conclusions: It may be concluded that, maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality can be reduced by early identification of risk factors and timely intervention is the hall mark in preventing the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is one of the most deadly and common forms of cancer among women, worldwide. This disease could is preventable, by detecting it using Pap screening test. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of various cervical smear abnormalities and to study the prevalence of epithelial cell abnormalities in our study population. METHODS A total of 200 married women between 21-70 years of age were enrolled in the study. Pap smear was done by the conventional method and reporting was done based on the Bethesda system 2014. Emphasis was put on epithelial cell abnormalities and the findings of abnormal epithelial lesions were correlated with histopathology. RESULTS Vaginal discharge was the most common complaint, occurring in 38% of the women. Lower abdominal pain was the complaint of 14% patients and irregular menstrual cycle of 13% of women, while 20% were asymptomatic. 41% had inflammatory changes. Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) were detected in 4%, 3.5%, and 1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Pap smear is a cost-effective simple test mainly to detect precancerous lesions of cervix which can be treated and followed up to down stage the disease.
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