Background: This study was undertaken to analyse the various diseases reported in a teritary care hospital. To find out the most common disease notified. Methods: This is hospital record based retrospective study. The data was collected from notifiable disease register maintained in the Department of Microbiology and also from medical records section of this hospital from August 2013 to December 2016. Results: The total number of cases reported was 1613. Of the 22 diseases listed by the government only seven were more common. Tuberculosis ranks the top followed by HIV-AIDS, malaria, dengue respectively. The disease group commonly affected is 13-59 years (61.5%) with male (63.5%) predominance. Conclusions: To prevent the spread of epidemic, the health care personnel must be adequately trained to identify the disease and notify the higher authorities.
Dengue is a major public health problem throughout the world. It is a rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Dengue can be reduced by implementing early case detection, reorienting health services, improving outbreak prediction and detection through coordinated epidemic and appropriate vector management. Various diagnostic techniques like ELISA, Rapid tests, etc. are very useful in diagnosis of dengue. Diagnosis of dengue is the most essential step to curb any mass outbreak of the disease. OBJECTIVESThe objectives of the study were to find the existing knowledge of Dengue among medical professionals and preference of diagnostic techniques of dengue and to elicit acceptability and affordability of such measures and to highlight the policies regarding dengue diagnostics. METHODA questionnaire survey was conducted among 100 doctors using a pretested open-ended questionnaire. The result was analysed and interpreted. RESULTSThe knowledge of medical professionals regarding the preference of dengue diagnostics varies; 56% of the medical professionals prefer IgM antibody ELISA test, 41% prefer NS I antigen test and only 3% prefer RT -PCR; 100% of the medical professionals agreed that platelet count decreases during the course of infection. An increase of haematocrit value was thought to be important by 73% professionals. Interestingly, 20% of the medical professionals reported that no change in haematocrit value and 7% reported that haematocrit value would decrease. The knowledge of availability of ELISA was 72%. However, 83% of medical professionals agreed that IgM antibody ELISA test was a rapid test for Dengue diagnosis. CONCLUSIONLaboratory infrastructure, technical expertise and research capacity must be improved in order to positively influence dengue surveillance, clinical case management and development of new approaches to dengue control. CME on dengue is suggested to improve the knowledge on diagnostic facilities and its sensitivity, specificity and reliability.
The present study was a retrospective study, carried out by total of 100 cases in the Obstetric And Gynaecology department of a secondary care hospital, Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu. There were 100 pregnant women who had gestational diabetes. Increasing gravida (secondary gravida G2 -44% ) shows more prevalence of GDM than primi (34%).Body Mass Index , family history of diabetes and previous history of GDM shows more significance in occurring GDM. Among 100 population, 45% patients receiving insulin with medical nutritional therapy (MNT) ,30% patients receiving medical nutritional therapy (MNT) alone , 11% patients receiving medical nutritional therapy (MNT) with metformin, 3% patients receiving medical nutritional therapy (MNT) with Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents (OHA) and insulin , 3% patients receiving insulin alone and 8% patients didn’t receiving any therapy. Overall 96% of women with GDM had one or more complications and 4% had no complication. From this , 35.89% patients shows caesarean delivery with recurrent GDM, followed by 10.25% patients shows caesarean delivery with polyhydramnios, 15.38% patients shows caesarean delivery with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH).Overall 74% of new-borns had one or more complications and 27% had no complication. 24.32% patients shows macrosomia with neonatal hypoglycaemia, 16.21% patients shows macrosomia with preterm birth, 13.52% patients shows macrosomia with hyperbilirubinemia. Our study concludes that the complications arise from GDM to both mother and new-borns can be resolved and minimised by proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment during the pregnancy. Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Drug Utilization Pattern, Complications, Oral Glucose Tolerence Test
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