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Chronic renal failure is known to be associated with secondary hyperoxalemia and the deposition of calcium oxalate in visceral organs, bones, and cartilage. We report the identification of calcium oxalate crystals in the synovial fluid of three patients with chronic renal failure. In one patient, calcium oxalate crystals were also identified within synovium and cartilage. Crystals were pleomorphic and bipyramidal. Some crystals were rod-like and had positive birefringence, thus tending to be confused with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate when observed with only compensated polarized light microscopy. In one patients asymptomatic effusions were associated with joint capsule calcification, but otherwise normal knee radiographs. The other two patients had bilateral knee pain, one having coexistent features of osteoarthritis and the other chondrocalcinosis. Samples of proliferative synovium, joint capsule, and cartilage from the patient with chondrocalcinosis showed abundant calcium oxalate crystals, and not calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate or calcium hydroxyapatite. Thus, radiographically typical chondrocalcinosis may be due to calcium oxalate. Joint disease in chronic renal failure may be associated with calcium oxalate as well as the previously recognized apatite deposition.

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Background: Hypothyroidism is widely prevalent in pregnant women but rate of detection is very low in developing countries. Hypothyroidism is easily treated, timely detection and treatment of the disorder could reduce the burden of adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. Objective of the study was to determine the immediate outcome in neonates born to mother with hypothyroidism.Methods: Prospective descriptive study.110 babies were observed for neonatal outcome.55 babies were born to hypothyroid mothers and 55 babies were born to mothers without thyroid abnormalities. These babies were observed for type of delivery, Gestational age, need for intensive care unit, growth parameters, Interventions required during the stay, sepsis was compared with those born to mothers without hypothyroidism.Results: Both the groups were similar in terms of type of delivery. No association between maternal hypothyroidism and Hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes. Cases with prematurity are almost same in both groups. Most of babies were term gestation. The birth weight of babies was similar. Majority from both the group did not require any oxygen support. Majority of babies were in appropriate for age category. Both the groups were similar in incidence of small for gestational age and large of gestational age babies.Conclusions: Babies born to well treated hypothyroid mothers were similar in all aspects to babies born to non-hypothyroid mothers. These signify the importance of screening all antenatal mothers for hypothyroidism and prompt treatment to prevent adverse consequences on neonatal outcome.