Background
In France, while most babies are delivered at hospital, emergency medical services (EMS) weekly manage calls for unplanned out-of-hospital births. The objective of our study was to describe neonatal morbidity and mortality, defined as death or neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization at Day 7, in a prospective multicentric cohort of unplanned out-of-hospital births.
Methods
We prospectively analyzed out-of-hospital births from 25 prehospital EMS units in France. The primary outcome was neonatal morbidity and mortality, and the secondary outcome was risk factors associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality. A univariate logistic regression was first made, followed by a multivariate logistic regression with backward selection.
Results
From October 2011 to August 2018, a total of 1670 unplanned out-of-hospital births were included. Of these, 1652 (99.2%) were singleton and 1537 (93.5%) had prenatal care. Maternal mean age of the study population was 30 ± 5.5 (range 15 to 48). The majority of women were multiparous, but 13% were nulliparous. Overall, 45.3% of these unplanned out-of-hospital births were medically-driven, either by phone during medical regulation (12.5%) or on scene by the prehospital emergency medical service units (32.9%). The prevalence of neonatal morbidity and mortality was 6.3% (
n
= 106) after an unplanned out-of-hospital birth (death before Day 7:
n
= 20; 1.2%). The multivariate logistic regression found that multiparity (adjusted Odds Ratio = 70.7 [4.7–1062]), prematurity (adjusted Odds Ratio = 6.7 [2.1–21.4]), maternal pathology (adjusted Odds Ratio = 2.8 [1.0–7.5]) and hypothermia (adjusted Odds Ratio = 2.8 [1.1–7.6]) were independent predictive factors of neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Conclusions
Our study assessed for the first time risk factors for adverse perinatal outcome in a large and multicenter cohort of unplanned out-of-hospital births. We have to improve temperature management in the out-of-hospital field and future trials are required to investigate strategies to optimize newborns management in the prehospital area.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (10.1186/s13049-019-0600-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
BackgroundThe French Emergency Medicine Society, the French Intensive Care Society and the Pediatric Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine French-Speaking Group edited guidelines on severe asthma exacerbation (SAE) in adult and pediatric patients.ResultsThe guidelines were related to 5 areas: diagnosis, pharmacological treatment, oxygen therapy and ventilation, patients triage, specific considerations regarding pregnant women. The literature analysis and formulation of the guidelines were conducted according to the Grade of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. An extensive literature research was conducted based on publications indexed in PubMed™ and Cochrane™ databases. Of the 21 formalized guidelines, 4 had a high level of evidence (GRADE 1+/−) and 7 a low level of evidence (GRADE 2+/−). The GRADE method was inapplicable to 10 guidelines, which resulted in expert opinions. A strong agreement was reached for all guidelines.ConclusionThe conjunct work of 36 experts from 3 scientific societies resulted in 21 formalized recommendations to help improving the emergency and intensive care management of adult and pediatric patients with SAE.
Background: Mobile intensive care units frequently manage unplanned out-of-hospital births (UOHB). Rewarming methods during pre-hospital management of UOHB have not yet been compared. The aim was to compare rewarming methods used during pre-hospital management in a large prospective cohort of UOHB in France. Methods: We analysed UOHB from the prospective AIE cohort from 25 prehospital emergency medical services in France. The primary outcome was the change in body temperature from arrival at scene to arrival at hospital. Results: From 2011 to 2018, 1854 UOHB were recorded, of whom 520 were analysed. We found that using incubator care was the most effective rewarming method (+ 0.8°C during transport), followed by the combination of plastic bag, skin-to-skin and cap (+ 0.2°C). The associations plastic bag + cap and skin-to-skin + cap did not allow the newborn to be warmed up but rather to maintain initial temperature (+ 0.0°C). The results of the multivariate model were consistent with these observations, with better rewarming with the use of an incubator. We also identified circumstances of increased risk of hypothermia according to classification and regression tree, like premature birth (< 37 weeks of gestation) and/or low outside temperature (< 8.4°C). Conclusions: Using an incubator was the most effective rewarming method during pre-hospital management of UOHB in our French prospective cohort. Based on our model, in cases of term less than 37 weeks of gestation or between 37 and 40 weeks with a low outside temperature or initial hypothermia, using such a method would be preferred.
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