Here, we report the genome sequence of Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens strain PS2, which was isolated from hydrocarbon sludge of an organic synthesis factory. This strain was able to utilize a wide range of n-alkanes, from C16 to C35, as sole carbon sources.
Microbial-assisted phytoremediation is considered a more effective approach to soil rehabilitation than the sole use of plants. Mycolicibacterium sp. Pb113 and Chitinophaga sp. Zn19, heavy-metal-resistant PGPR strains originally isolated from the rhizosphere of Miscanthus × giganteus, were used as inoculants of the host plant grown in control and zinc-contaminated (1650 mg/kg) soil in a 4-month pot experiment. The diversity and taxonomic structure of the rhizosphere microbiomes, assessed with metagenomic analysis of rhizosphere samples for the 16S rRNA gene, were studied. Principal coordinate analysis showed differences in the formation of the microbiomes, which was affected by zinc rather than by the inoculants. Bacterial taxa affected by zinc and the inoculants, and the taxa potentially involved in the promotion of plant growth as well as in assisted phytoremediation, were identified. Both inoculants promoted miscanthus growth, but only Chitinophaga sp. Zn19 contributed to significant Zn accumulation in the aboveground part of the plant. In this study, the positive effect of miscanthus inoculation with Mycolicibacterium spp. and Chitinophaga spp. was demonstrated for the first time. On the basis of our data, the bacterial strains studied may be recommended to improve the efficiency of M. × giganteus phytoremediation of zinc-contaminated soil.
Microorganisms are known for their ability to adapt easily to any environment, forming specific ecosystems capable of surviving in harsh media. White phosphorus is one of the most dangerous and toxic pollutants, whose widespread use for various industrial and military purposes creates conditions for environmental pollution. It has previously been shown that some microbial cultures can adapt to the presence of white phosphorus in the environment, oxidizing it to a phosphate and then using it as a source of biogenic macronutrients. In prior studies, we have demonstrated the possibility of white phosphorus biodegradation by the fungal strains of Aspergillus niger. However, it is important to study the resistance of this species to such a toxic substance as white phosphorus. There may be several probable mechanisms, including the following: the cell wall of the fungus is a barrier to the penetration of white phosphorus into the cell, in which case an increase in the thickness of the cell wall should be observed in response to the impact of the toxicant; a mechanism associated with the expression of stress genes and the production of proteins involved in the disposal of toxins, including white phosphorus. In addition, white phosphorus causes an overall activation of metabolism, accompanied by an increase in the number and size of mitochondria in the cells. It is likely that the active forms of oxygen produced by mitochondria are involved in the detoxification of both white phosphorus and its transformation products. Microscopic and proteomic studies have confirmed the presence of the above-mentioned resistance mechanisms.
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