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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the neural protein expression pattern of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) treated with forskolin (free-form/FF). The study investigated forskolin's capacity to enhance intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by activating adenylate cyclase and probably by inducing neuron-like cells in vitro. In addition, because nanotechnology is a growing field of tissue engineering, we also assessed the action of a new system called the nanostructured-forskolin (NF) to examine the improvement of drug delivery. Afterwards, the cells were submitted to low-level laser irradiation to evaluate possible photobiostimulatory effects. Investigations using the immunofluorescence by confocal microscopy and Western blot methods revealed the expression of the neuronal marker β-tubulin III. Fluorescence intensity quantification analysis using INCell Analyzer System for β-tubulin III was used to examine significant differences. The results showed that after low-level laser irradiation exposure, there was a tendency to increase the β-tubulin III expression in all groups, as expected in the photobiostimulation process. Notably, this process induced for irradiation was more pronounced in irradiated nanoforskolin cells (INF) compared to non-irradiated free-forskolin control cells (NFFC). However, there was also an increase in β-tubulin III protein expression in the groups: irradiated nanocontrol cells (INC) compared to non-irradiated free-forskolin control cells (NFF) and after treatment with non-irradiated free-forskolin (NFF) and non-irradiated nanoforskolin (NNFC). We concluded that the methods using low-level laser irradiation and/or nanoparticles showed an up-regulation of neural-protein expression in hMSCs that could be used to facilitate cellular therapy protocols in the near future.

Dyes used in the textile industry contribute significantly to the increase of water pollution as they are disposed of, most of the time, without proper treatment. Indigo carmine is a synthetic dye widely used in the coloring of jeans and is considered difficult to remove, causing irreversible damage to the food chain in ecosystems. Mycomediation appears as an economical and sustainable way to treat textile effluents, and this work tested three strains of Trametes collected in Brazil against the ability to discolor the indigo carmine and also the activity of laccase, lignin and manganese peroxidases. The experiment was carried out in Kirk medium under static, non-sterile condition, at ± 28 °C for 120 h. Trametes lactinea (URM8350) discolored 81.40 % of the indigo carmine, T. lactinea (URM8350) 85.09 % and T. villosa (URM8022) 96.11 %. Laccase was detected in all specimens. Manganese peroxidase was detected in T. villosa and T. lactinea (URM8354), while lignin peroxidase was not detected in any of the isolates. The ability of T. lactinea to discolor dyes is reported for the first time. The discoloration rates demonstrate the ability of the strains to discolor carmine indigo and their promising use in the discoloration processes in wastewater from the textile segment.