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The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of different types of Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) in cattle skin lesions and to identify new viral types in Brazil. A total of 72 skin lesions were analysed from 66 different bovines by PCR using degenerate and specific primers, and subsequent sequencing. Sequencing quality was determined using Staden package with Phred 30. Similarity analysis was performed with BioEdit and BLAST programs to verify the identity with known BPV types. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using Maximum Likelihood method with TIM3 + G as nucleotide substitution model in PAUP*, and 1000 non-parametric bootstrap replicates. Analyses revealed the presence of ten different types of BPV in the samples, with the exception of BPV7. The presence of co-infections was very high as almost all samples (89%) were co-infected. A putative new BPV11 subtype was also found in lesions from different animals. These results add significant knowledge about the prevalence and diversity of BPV infection in Brazilian cattle, which could be used in future studies aiming at the development of more specific treatment and diagnostic methods.

ObjectivesThis study aims at performing a systematic review and meta‐analysis with the studies of genetic admixture inference of Brazilian population and to compare these results with the genetic admixture levels in other Latin American countries.MethodsWe searched for articles regarding the estimation of Brazilian genetic admixture published between 1980 and 2014 that used autosomal markers. Then, conducted meta‐analyses at the whole‐country and regional level. Finally, we compared the results of Brazil with other estimates from other South, Central and North American countries.ResultsWe analyzed data from 25 studies in 38 different Brazilian populations. European (EUR) ancestry is the major contributor to the genetic background of Brazilians, followed by African (AFR), and Amerindian (AMR) ancestries. The pooled ancestry contributions were 0.62 EUR, 0.21 AFR, and 0.17AMR. The Southern region had a greater EUR contribution (0.77) than other regions. Individuals from the Northeast (NE) region had the highest AFR contribution (0.27) whereas individuals from the North regions had more AMR contribution (0.32). In the Latin America context, Brazil has the 5th high EUR contribution, the 12th for the AFR component and the 10th for the AMR ancestry.ConclusionsAdmixture proportions vary greatly among Brazilian populations and also through Latin America. More studies in the Center‐West, North and NE regions are needed to capture a more complete picture of the genomic ancestry of Brazil. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 27:674–680, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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