The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intraperitoneally applied Microcystin LR to the health condition of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) stockfish by means of assessment of haematological. biochemical and morphological indices.Two-year-old stockfish of silver carp was used for experiments. In the first trial. pure Microcystin LR was applied to the tish intrar.eritoneally in dose of250 ~g' kg· l body weight (bw). A pure Microcystin LR dose of 400 ~g . kg' bw was used in the second experiment. After 48 hours. fish were sampled for blood by cardiopunction to determine the erythrocyte count (RBC
The aim of this work was to study the effects of Microcyst in LR and biomass of blue-green algae with known amount of Microcystin LR on immunological indices in juvenile carp and silver carp.The pure Microcystin LR or biomass of blue-green algae with a known amount of Microcystin LR was applied to experimental fish. Pure Microcystin LR in the dose of 400 j.lg per kg of body mass was administered intraperitoneally. the biomass per os to carp and per anus to silver carp. The volume of Microcystin LR in single doses was 3, 300. 600 and I 200 j.lg per kg of body mass. After 24 and 48 h blood was collected from fish by cardiac punction. The following immunological indices were determined: total leukocytes. leukocrit. differential leukocyte count. numbers of sIg+ and T cytotoxic lymphocytes and occasionally numbers of NKcells by means FITC protein A. HP lectin and monoclonal antibody anti CD lIb and phagocyte activity by luminol enhanced chemiluminiscence.Decrease of total leukocyte count and leukocrit were characteristic changes due to the treatment. With carp this decrease occurred mainly in lymphocytes (Tcytotoxic and sIg+ cells). with silver carp mainly in myelocytes (neutrophilic myelocytes and metamyelocytes). With carp the most remarkable changes were observed after oral administration of biomass of blue-green algae containing Microcystin LR in the dose of I 200 j.lg per kg of body mass. On the other hand, minor changes were observed after i.p. administration of pure toxin. These changes correspond with changes in phagocytic activity of cells: minor changes were detected in carp. while in silver carp the decrease of myelocyte cells brought a major decrease of phagocytic activity.
Cyanotoxins. leukocytes. lymphocytes. phagocyte activityToxins of blue-green algae (cyanotoxins) are substances of secondary metabolism. They are released into the water during the disintegration of blue-green algae. They are more toxic than toxins of higher plants and fungi and less toxic than bacterial toxins (M a rs a
Two wild-coloured strains of tench (the first meiotic gynogenic generation MeiG 1 , and their control diploid half siblings) and three recessively homozygous colour strains (golden, blue and alampic) were examined for the determination of basic haematological indices. The MeiG 1 strain had higher erythrocyte counts than diploid controls or the blue and alampic strains (P < 0.001), and had a higher blood haemoglobin content than all three colour strains (P < 0.001). No differences were detected among strains for haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, or mean corpuscular volume. Both the lowest leucocyte count (P < 0.001) and leucocrit value (P < 0.001) were found in the alampic tench, and may result from a negative pleiotropic effect of this recessive homozygous genotype (bbgg). In agreement with previous findings in tench, the differential leucocyte count revealed lymphocytes to be the dominating white blood cells; their rate was about 90% in both the wild-coloured and blue strains, and less in the other two strains (83-84%). Neutrophil granulocytes were most abundant in the MeiG 1 strain. Eosinophil granulocytes were detected only in the golden strain, and were not common (0.2%).
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