As conventional fossil fuel systems release toxicants into the atmosphere, humanity is increasingly moving towards sustainability, towards using products that do not cause negative effects on the environment, have a long service life and offer multiple benefits. Solar air heating systems are increasingly used in household applications, even in industrial ones at times. The principle of operation of systems of this type is established on the existence of solar radiance, without this the panels have little or no efficiency at all, so they are limited to sunny periods. One of the methods of increasing the impact and performance of these systems is the realization of hybrid systems that offer several benefits with regard to heating the air in rooms, heating water and ventilating spaces. The meaning of this article is to present a summary of the existing literature, in the sphere of solar hybrid air heating systems, on the methods of improvement and the performance achieved.
With the increase in energy demand, the necessity for photovoltaic panels to be as efficient as possible has also increased. In order to achieve the highest possible performance, solar cells depend on a number of environmental elements such as: temperature, shading, cloudy weather, deposits on the surface, dust, solar irradiation, nighttime darkness, etc. All these factors ultimately result in a decline in photovoltaic panels performances. With the help of modeling and simulation programs, complex systems with high performance can be designed and realized, considering the advantage of avoiding manufacturing costs through their physical testing. Based on the electrical and thermal characteristics extracted from the Sanyo producer's data sheet, the proposed commercial photovoltaic module HIT-240HDE4, is implemented in the MATLAB environment under standard and real test conditions. The article presents the modeling and simulation in the MATLAB program of the proposed photovoltaic module, for the analysis of the electrical performances under the described conditions. Also, the article addresses the analysis issue of the operation considering the chosen module, under the same conditions.
Solar air heaters are equipment which have the ability to convert solar energy into thermal energy by means of an internal air flow. The development of such a system is closely related to the presence of solar radiation without which it is not possible to obtain thermal energy. For maximum yields it is necessary to establish the performance or thermal capacity of a solar air heating system. For this purpose, it is recommended to use a monitoring system, which has the ability to indicate the weaknesses of the equipment. This paper presents a model of monitoring using the LabVIEW software via a DAQ USB device, two thermocouple sensors type J, one humidity sensor, a pyranometer and four signal adapters. The commercial solar air heater and a thermostat, are also part of the monitoring system. The purpose of the current study is a short analysis of the performances of a solar air heater with the assistance of a monitoring system and the proposal of constructive changes to increase the thermal efficiency. The work completes with graphically presented results and conclusions that emerge from the study.
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