The new priority in the grey modelling is to build new models that have more accurate forecasting power than the previous ones. This paper aims to develop the prediction performance of the existing continuous grey models. Therefore, a novel continuous grey model (OCCFGM(1,1)) is proposed with conformable fractional derivative. The numerical results of three case studies show that the novel model's prediction accuracy is higher than other competitive models, and the proposed model is more reasonable for practical cases.
The new exact solutions of the conformable time-fractional Bad and Good modified Boussinesq equations are obtained using the Exp-function method, which is different from previous literature works. These equations play a significant role in mathematical physics, engineering sciences and applied mathematics. Plentiful exact solutions with arbitrary parameters are effectively obtained by the method. The obtained solutions are shown graphically. It is shown that the Exp-function method provides a simpler but more effective mathematical tool for constructing exact solutions of non-linear evolution equations.
CO2 emissions in the world have also become one of the most important research topics. In order for policymakers to achieve the goal of reducing carbon emissions and to create environmental policies, it is important to predict how CO2 emissions will progress. The grey modelling in the prediction of time series has been one of the interesting study fields recently due to its efficiency and convenience. Fractional grey models, on the other hand, have become preferable, despite the difficulty in calculations, since they give more effective results than standard models. Difficulties in fractional accumulation and difference calculations have begun to be overcome thanks to new definitions and theorems made in recent years. The new trend in grey modelling is to compose models that are more useful than the previous ones and give results with less error. In this paper, in order to accurately forecast the CO2 emissions, we propose a novel fractional grey model derived from the conformable fractional order and abbreviated as the FEXGM(1,1). The results show that this novel model demonstrates a higher predicted accuracy and more robust performance over the other models considered for comparison.
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