Objective: The article dedicated to debating the degree of certainty of verification of certain types of reactivation of the tuberculosis process, such as relapse, reinfection and superinfection. Analysis of native and foreign publications for the last 10 years on this issue conducted. The authors confirm that even if the outcome of a successful treatment of tuberculosis is deduced based on bacterioscopic and cultural conversion of sputum (outcome "cured"), it is not possible to claim reinfection after eradication or elimination of M. tuberculosis, because it does not exclude its presence in the parenchyma of the lungs, lymph nodes or other organs. If the outcome of successful treatment for various reasons displayed without laboratory confirmation (outcome "completed treatment"), the more so it is impossible to confirm the relapse or reinfection of the disease. Summing up the analysis of the literature, the authors point out the necessity of a differentiated approach in observations in practice and in scientific researches. The use of several costly methods of verification of the form reactivating of the tuberculosis process is not always justified. Ultimately, as recommended WHO, these cases register as new and, depending on the sensitivity to anti-tuberculosis drugs picks up the regimen of repeated chemotherapy. Keywords: Tuberculosis, reactivation, exacerbation, relapse, reinfection, superinfection..
Objective: To study the frequency of detection of severe forms of tuberculosis in vaccinated and unvaccinated BCG vaccine in children from foci of infection. Methods: There were 279 children with tuberculosis from the foci of infection: 178 (group I) of unvaccinated BCG and 101 (group II) vaccinated with BCG vaccine. In turn, these two groups were divided into two subgroups: non-vaccinated children from foci of infection (Ia) and unvaccinated children with unidentified contact (Ib) and vaccinated children from foci of infection (IIa) and with unidentified contact (IIb). An assessment was made of the forms of the disease, the frequency and nature of the complicated course of tuberculosis in vaccinated and non-vaccinated children. Results: Severe forms such as tuberculous meningitis and disseminated tuberculosis were more likely to occur in the group of children not vaccinated with BCG vaccine at birth – 17.2% (p<0.05 compared with the group of vaccinated children). In vaccinated children, tuberculosis meningitis was established in 5.6%, and in non-vaccinated patients, this age group is almost twice as likely (9.3%). Disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis was detected in non-vaccinated children under the age of 6 years in 10.0% of cases and in one vaccinated child (2.1%). In children aged 7 to 17 years, these rates were 7.4% and 5.6% respectively. In vaccinated children, up to six years of age were established in 80.9% of all cases of tuberculosis, primary tuberculosis complex (29.8%) or tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes (51.1%). Conclusion: Thus, it can be argued that within six years after vaccination persists the body's ability to resist tuberculosis infection and in case of disease, severe forms of tuberculosis do not occur in vaccinated children. At the same time, as the BCG vaccine expires, the number of severe and common forms of tuberculosis increases. Therefore, the need for vaccination with BCG vaccine is evident, to prevent severe forms of the disease including such severe form of the disease, as tuberculous meningitis. Keywords: BCG vaccination, clinical forms, efficacy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.