Objective

The great variability in the sonographic appearance of ovarian cystic teratomas poses difficulties for their diagnosis and classification. To overcome such difficulties, we have proposed a simplified classification of the pathognomonic echo patterns of ovarian cystic teratomas based on three basic types of echo pattern. In a prospective study of 118 echogenic adnexal masses, with postoperative histological confirmation, this classification enabled the correct diagnosis to be made in 115 cases (accuracy rate, 97.45%). In the three cases misdiagnosed preoperatively as ovarian cystic teratoma, the tumors proved to be benign and included a serous cyst adenoma, a serous cyst adenofibroma and a Brenner tumor. We suggest that, with our proposed classification of the echo patterns of ovarian cystic teratomas, sonography can become a quick and accurate tool in the recognition of this condition.

The hair diameter major-axis has been shown to decrease normally toward the scalp in individual fibres. In this report sharp increases, rather than decreases, of hair-shaft major-axis diameters during pregnancy are described. Mean major-axis hair diameters of 15-20 fibres from each of 12 pregnant and 13 nonpregnant women were measured from the scalp distally at regular 6-mm intervals. Sample diameters were normalized relative to putative times of conception or a distance from the scalp equivalent to full term pregnancy, for the pregnant and nonpregnant women, respectively, and averaged. Major-axis diameter increases toward the scalp in hair of pregnant women were found to start at the beginning of pregnancy with a slope measuring 0.58%/cm, which is highly significant (r = 0.99, P < 0.0001). Hair diameters of the nonpregnant women, on the other hand, decreased toward the scalp during analogous times to the pregnancy, with a slope measuring -0.66%/cm, also highly significant (r = -0.97, P < 0.0001), and in good agreement with previously published data. To our knowledge this is the first description of hair diameter increases during a normal physiological process.

(Obstet Gynecol 2018;131:451–456) Bariatric surgery has been shown to improve fertility in women. In recent years, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, a restrictive procedure, has become the most frequently utilized bariatric procedure. However, current recommendations regarding the care of pregnant women after bariatric surgery are based on studies with patients who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Therefore, the authors of the present study performed a review of pregnancies among patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and related maternal and perinatal outcomes.

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