This research was designed to study the parasitic infection and prevalence of juvenile and adult stages of Clarias gariepinus in Lake Geriyo. The study was conducted between June and November, 2016. A total of one hundred and thirty-two (132) fish were sampled for parasitic investigation. Out of these, adults (66) and juveniles (66), were procured from fishermen at the landing site. They were examined for parasitic infections using direct wet mount microscopy and stained smears. Fish body weights, and total length, were determined. Data generated were analysed using t-test and chisquare. The results showed that, a total number of 60 adult C. gariepinus were infected out of which 316 parasites were recovered, while in juvenile C. gariepinus, a total of 41 fish were infected in which 80 parasites were recovered. Parasitic infestations in the adult and juvenile females were significantly higher than male adults and juvenile with 91.11% for female adult and 66.67% for female juvenile. Nine classes of parasites and nineteen (19) parasites species were recorded from the gills, stomach, intestine, and skin mucus in the research study. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between incidence of infestation and standard length and body weight of Clarias gariepinus.
The study was conducted in Gesedaddo's farm, Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria to determine the prevalence of parasites infecting Clarias gariepinus between June to November, 2016. A total of one hundred and thirty-two (132) fish were sampled for parasitic investigation. Out of these, cultured adults (66) and cultured juveniles (66) respectively were procured from the farm and examined for parasites using the keys of fresh water fish parasite pictorial guide and were examined for parasitic infections using direct wet mount microscopy and stained smears. A total number of 43 adult Clarias gariepinus were infected out of which 132 parasites were identified, while in juvenile Clarias gariepinus, a total number of 10 fish were infected in which 30 parasites were identified in Gesedaddo's farm. Seven (7) classes of parasites and eleven (11) parasite species, which are namely, Piscinoodinium, (Dinoflagellata), Coccidia, Spironucleus vortens, (Flagellata), Chilodonella, Tetrehymena, (Motile ciliate), Capillaria, Contracaecum, (Nematoda), Microsporidians, (Protozoa), Saprolegnia sp, (Oomycota), Digeneans, and Planarian (Trematoda) were recorded from the gills, stomach, intestine, and skin mucus of the cultured Clarias gariepinus on the farm. Parasitic infestation was higher in the intestine with 63 (47.73) and the least was identified 6 (4.55) on the skin for adult Clarias gariepinus while the highest number of parasites identified in juvenile Clarias gariepinus was found on the skin with total number of 11 (36.67). Among the class of parasites identified, it was recorded that the highest parasitic load occurred most in the class protozoan with 45 (34.09%) and 17 (56.67) in adult and Juvenile C. gariepinus respectively. The Chi square value shows that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the prevalence and intensity of parasitic infection in adults and juvenile C. gariepinus based on sex. Parasitic infestations in the adult and juvenile female were significantly higher than in the adult and juvenile male in cultured Clarias gariepinus. There was a significant difference between incidence of infestation, standard length and body weight of Clarias gariepinus while there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) between parasitic load.
This study evaluated the growth response, haematological indices of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles fed guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extracts, completely randomized block design was adopted for this study, one hundred and twenty (120) juveniles were put in four treatments; 0 (Control) 5, 10 and 15 ml guava leaf extracts for three (3) months. The diets formulated contained approximately 38% crude protein. It was observed that all the parameters (i.e. TW (g), AW (g), AL (cm)) were significantly different at (P<0.05) across treatments, the highest significant (P<0.05) average weight (AW in grams) was recorded in treatment 4 (37.48±1.82), and the lowest value in treatment 2 (29.73±1.77), Specific growth rate (SGR), daily weight gain (DWG), Survival rate (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were significantly different at (P<0.05) across treatments. The PCV, HB, ESR, TWBC, MCHC, Neut and Lymp tested in the study were also significantly different (P<0.05). It reported the highest growth rate in treatment four (4) treated with 15 ml of guava leaf extracts, hence, the inclusion of 15 ml guava leaf in the diet of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) would enhance it growth and wellbeing.
This research was carried out to ascertain the heavy metals concentrations in water and sediments from River Donga upstream and downstream was investigated for a period of three months (October to December). The Result showed heavy metals concentrations were higher in sediments compare to water during the study period while downstream values were generally higher compare to upstream. Result for mean concentration of heavy metals variations in water and sediment varied significant (p>0.05) based on the two sampling locations upstream and downstream. The heavy metals concentration in water and sediments was examined using atomic absorption spectrophometer (AAS) Bulk scientific Model 210VGP. Concentrations ranking profile was found to be Zn >Ni>Pb >Cr>Cd. The maximum mean concentration of Zn recorded in the sediment was 0.700 mg/kg while the lowest value of 0.029 mg/kg was recorded for Pb at the two locations while for water value (0.200 mg/l) were observed for Zn, Ni, and Cr in the months of October November and December respectively. The lowest value of 0.014 mg/1 at both locations was recorded for Cr. Data for Cr, Ni, Pb. Pb were generally low throughout the study period. Zn concentrations in water at the sampled locations (upstream and downstream) throughout the study periods showed no significant difference (p>0.05). However, Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni show variations (p<0.05) at the sampled locations. The highest mean concentration recorded for Zn (0.300 mg/l) in water was observed in the upstream in November while the lowest value (0.011 mg/l) was recorded for Cd in December, downstream. However, all values in the water and sediments were below the WHO and FAO safe recommended limit for portable drinking water.
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