Cyst-like lesions in the mandible rarely develop into malignancies, and the reported incidence is between 0.3 and 2%. The present study describes a rare case of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible arising from an odontogenic cyst. A 59-year-old female was referred to Asahi University Murakami Memorial Hospital (Gifu, Japan), with acute pain in the right molars. An initial examination revealed buccal swelling and paresthesia of the mental nerve. Following an intraoral examination, the oral mucosa was confirmed to be normal, however, percussion pain was experienced between the lower right first premolar and second molar. Panoramic radiography revealed a retained lower right wisdom tooth and an irregular radiolucent area between the lower right molar and a mandibular angle with unclear margins. Computed tomography revealed diffuse bone resorption and an extensive loss of cortical bone on the buccal and lingual sides. A biopsy was performed and the pathological diagnosis was of a squamous cell carcinoma arising from the epithelial lining of the odontogenic cyst. Radical dissection was subsequently performed, however, histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed neither invasion into the surrounding tissues penetrating the periosteum nor lymph node metastasis at the right submandibular lesion. Following the pathological diagnosis of primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC), the patient received 6,000 Gy radiation as post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy with oral administration of tegafur, gimeracil and oteracil potassium. The patient is currently undergoing follow-up examinations. Although PIOC arising from an odontogenic cyst is rare, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis for radiolucency of the jaw bone, particularly in older patients exhibiting a history of cystic lesions.
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) localize to hematopoietic organs and peripheral blood during inflammation or tumor tissues and lymph nodes in the presence of a tumor. However, whether there are differences in MDSCs found in the primary tumor and metastases is unknown. In the present study, we established a cell line of metastasized tumor cells to a lymph node, L5-11, which were derived from the Sq-1979 mouse buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma cell line. We then analyzed tumor immunogenicity, especially with regard to MDSCs, to clarify the differences between the primary tumor and metastases, using an isogenic heterotopic tumor transplantation model. Our data showed that the population of intratumoral MDSCs, especially polymorphonuclear MDSCs in the lymph node metastasis model were significantly increased compared with syngeneic grafts from the primary cell line Sq-1979 after 21 days. Furthermore, we identified that the lymph node metastasis cell line had increased expression of genes that promote the expansion of MDSCs, tumor growth and metastasis. Hence, these data suggest that tumor immunosuppression can occur via activation of MDSCs. However, further examination is required to clarify whether all or a subset of these factors from the lymph node metastasis tumor cells are required to induce intratumoral MDSCs.
Abstract. To elucidate the genetic events that occur during the development of OSCC, the present study established a model of oral malignancy using a mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) Sq-1979 cell line. Sq-1979 cells were implanted into syngeneic C3H mice. Subsequently, 233 cells and metastatic sub-clones (L cells) from primary OSCC, as well as the metastasized lymph node tissues of Sq-1979-implanted mice were established. Compared with parental Sq-1979 and 233 cells, the majority of L cells exhibited a higher proliferation rate and transplantability, and conferred a lower survival rate on the implanted mice. To investigate the genetic background of L cells, preferentially expressed genes in L cells were identified by cDNA microarray and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses. The expression of FYN-binding protein (Fyb), solute carrier family 16 member 13 (Slc16a13), keratin 7, transmembrane portion 173 and Slc44a3 mRNAs was significantly elevated in L cells compared with that in Sq1979 and 233 cells. The mRNA expression was also evaluated in human OSCC and leukoplakia (LP) tissues. Among the 5 aforementioned mRNAs, the expression of FYB and SLC16A13 was significantly higher in OSCC than in LP tissues. Furthermore, the expression of SLC16A13 mRNA was significantly elevated in highly invasive OSCCs, which were classified as grades 3 and 4 by the Yamamoto-Kohama (YK) classification of invasion, compared with those in lower grades (YK-1 and -2). The model proposed in the present study could thus describe essential marker genes for the diagnosis of oral malignancies.
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