Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate factors affecting johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers. # SORHA] control in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Essex’] with three foliarly-applied herbicides. In 1980, johnsongrass height at treatment time had little effect on control due to inadequate soil moisture. In 1981, a wet year, best control was achieved on 15- or 40-cm-tall johnsongrass. BAS-9052 {2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} at 0.6 kg/ha gave good to excellent control at all growth stages. Two applications of 0.3 kg/ha of BAS-9052 in both years and PP-009 butyl {2-[4-[5-(trifluoromethyl-2-pyridinyloxy)] phenoxy] propanoate} in 1981 increased johnsongrass control compared to only one treatment. Mixing BAS-9052 with other herbicides significantly reduced johnsongrass control. Greenhouse studies to determine the effect of soil water on herbicide response indicated that drier soils decreased johnsongrass regrowth with PP-009 and increased regrowth with BAS-9052.
Field experiments were conducted during 1980, 1981, and 1982 to evaluate the effect of tillage and sicklepod density on sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. # CASOB) interference with soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] and soil water use. In the absence of sicklepod, soybean yields were similar in nontilled plots covered with a straw mulch and in conventionally tilled plots with no mulch in all years. In the presence of sicklepod, higher soybean yields were obtained with the non-tilled-mulched plots than with the tilled plots at corresponding sicklepod densities and sicklepod fresh weights. Early soil water loss was greater in the tilled plots with increasing sicklepod density causing lower soil water content in both tillage treatments. Soil water depletion was greater in the no-till treatments during the soybean pod-filling stage.
Nine field experiments were conducted from 1984 through 1988 to determine the effect on rice of imazaquin applied to soybeans the previous growing season. Imazaquin was applied preplant incorporated, preemergence, or postemergence at rates ranging from 70 to 560 g ai/ha. ‘Bond’, ‘Lemont’, ‘Mars', ‘Newbonnet’, and ‘Tebonnet’ rice were planted the following year. Across all locations, years, cultivars, soil series, methods of application, and imazaquin rates, rice injury symptoms were not observed, and rice grain yields were not reduced by imazaquin residues.
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