Toxic
gaseous SO2 adsorption on O-terminated M2CO2 (M = Sc, Hf, Zr, and Ti) monolayers has been studied by means
of first-principle calculations. It is demonstrated that monolayer
Sc2CO2 is most preferred for the SO2 molecule with suitable adsorption strength and apparent charge transfer.
Moreover, the electronic conductivity of Sc2CO2 displays a sharp increase after the adsorption of SO2. In particular, the adsorption strength of SO2 on Sc2CO2 can be further enhanced or weakened by applying
tensile strains or controlling external electronic fields, which is
greatly desirable to realize the capture or reversible release of
toxic SO2 gas. These distinctive features endow the Sc2CO2 monolayer with high selectivity and sensitivity
as a potential candidate for SO2 gas sensor, as well as
efficient control for gaseous SO2 capture.
Cardiac safety testing of lead drug candidates is an important part of the drug discovery and development process. All new chemical entities need to be subjected to extensive preclinical assessment for cardiac liability, especially for a potentially fatal form of ventricular arrhythmia referred to as Torsades de Pointes. We have developed an innovative label-free, real-time system, the xCELLigence RTCA Cardio System, which is designed to monitor contractility of cardiomyocytes based on impedance measurement. The assay is performed using specially designed microtiter plates that are integrated with gold microelectrodes. The system was validated using mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and rat neonatal primary cardiomyocytes by applying a variety of tool compounds and drugs with known mechanisms of action. Our data show that the time resolution in the assay can provide important information about compound action. Furthermore, the impedance-based beating profile in response to compound treatment can provide mechanistic toxicity information regarding the target being modulated and may be able to flag pro-arrhythmic compounds. We believe the real-time and kinetic aspect of this technology combined with beat-to-beat measurement of cardiomyocyte contraction would make this instrument an important part of preclinical cardiac safety assessment.
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