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Perchlorate, commonly available in drinking water and food, acts on the iodine uptake by the thyroid affecting lipid metabolism. High-fat diets leading to various health problems continually raise public concern. In the present study, liver lipid metabolism profiles and metabolic pathways were investigated in C57BL/6J mice chronically exposed to perchlorate using targeted metabolomics. Mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated orally with perchlorate at 0.1 mg/kg bw (body weight), 1 mg/kg bw and 10 mg/kg bw daily for 12 weeks. Perchlorate induced disorders of lipid metabolism in vivo and hepatic lipid accumulation confirmed by serum biochemical parameters and histopathological examination. There were 34 kinds of lipid in liver detected by UHPLC-MS/MS and key metabolites were identified by multivariate statistical analysis evaluated with VIP > 1, p-value < 0.05, fold change > 1.2 or < 0.8. Perchlorate low, medium and high dose groups were identified with 11, 7 and 8 significantly altered lipid metabolites compared to the control group, respectively. The results of the metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the differential metabolites classified into different experimental groups contribute to the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway. These findings provide insights into the effects of perchlorate on lipid metabolism during long-term exposure to high-fat diets and contribute to the evaluation of perchlorate liver toxic mechanisms and health effects.

Perchlorate in various foods continuously arouses public health concern. Bioavailability is a critical parameter to better estimate perchlorate exposure from diets. In this study, perchlorate bioavailability in five foods was determined in an in vivo mouse model and compared with in vitro bioaccessibility/bioavailability. The estimated in vivo perchlorate bioavailability for different foods ranged from 18.01 ± 4.53% to 45.60 ± 7.11%, with the order lettuce > pork > rice > milk powder > soybean. Moisture, fiber, and fat in foods were identified as critical factors affecting perchlorate bioavailability (correlation r = 0.71, 0.52, and −0.67, respectively). Linear regression analysis revealed that the in vitro perchlorate bioavailability determined using the Caco-2 cell model has the potential to estimate the in vivo perchlorate bioavailability in foods (R 2 = 0.67, slope = 1.33, and y intercept = 4.99). These findings provide insights into the effects of the food matrices on perchlorate bioavailability and could contribute to decrease the uncertainty regarding perchlorate dietary exposure risk assessment.

In order to enhance the coagulation pretreatment of a reclaimed water plant, an experiment was employed by means of the Polymerization Aluminum Chloride (PAC), the Polyferric Sulfate (PFS) and the Ferric Trichloride (FeCl 3 ). The performances of Powder Active Carbon (PAC) and Precoagulation Chlorine Addition using as coagulant aids were also discussed. The results showed, turbidity removal could reach 87.5% by using PACl as coagulant, optimum dosage should be 12~16mg/L; Compound of PSF and PACl had better performance than Compound of FeCl 3 and PACl; PAC and Precoagulation Chlorine Addition could enhance the effect of coagulation process.