This Research aimed to evaluate the metabolic status and behavior changes during the transition period in dairy goats from three breeds, under tropical conditions. Thirty multiparous female goats were kept in pens, distributed randomly by breeds. Infrared cameras were fitted in the pens to monitor the animals, and its activities were recorded. Goats displayed varied idle, standing, walking, and feeding behaviors at kidding day ( P < 0.10) when compared with the days after and before. Agnostic interactions prevailed between 3.33 and 7.98% of the time on the day of kidding. There was a day effect for the exploratory activities ( P < 0.10), where the most exploratory activities were observed on the day of kidding. The milk production and fat content differed according to breed and lactation week. Collective pens for lactating goats, kept in a tropical environment, do not compromise the social behavior and welfare.

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Correlations of intake, digestibility and performance with the AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the correlations of intake, digestibility and performance with the ingestive behavior of lambs fed diets containing ammoniated buffel grass hay. Buffel grass hay was treated with four levels of urea (0, 18, 36 and 54 g/kg DM basis) and eight repetitions. Thirty-two sheep with no defined breed and an average body weight of 17.7 ± 1.8 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. It was observed positive correlations were found between the feeding time and the intake of dry matter (r = 0.3120), organic matter (r = 0.3242), neutral detergent fiber (r = 0.3800), total carbohydrates (r = 0.3343) and total digestible nutrients (r = 0.3233). Positive correlations (P<0.05) were found among the rumination efficiencies, g of DM/h and g of NDF/h with nutrient intake variables, except for ether extract intake. Positive correlations were observed (P<0.05) between both total weight gain (TWG) and average daily gain (ADG) and the rumination efficiency, g of DM/h (r = 0.3330) and g of NDF/h (r = 0.3304). The feeding and rumination efficiencies have a positive relationship with the total digestible nutrients. The correlation among intake, digestibility and performance variables with the ingestive behavior, it was important for the understanding of diet containing ammoniated buffel grass hay, in which the positive correlation of rumination efficiency with intake and weight gain explained the favorable effect on productive performance of feedlot sheep. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar as correlações entre o consumo, digestibilidade e desempenho com o comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros confinados alimentados com dietas contendo feno de capim-buffel amonizado. Os tratamentos experimentais consistiram em quatro dietas contendo os fenos de capim-buffel amonizados com as diferentes concentrações de uréia (0, 18, 36 e 54 g/kg na MS) e oito repetições. Foram utilizados 32 ovinos sem padrão racial definido (SPRD), com peso vivo médio de 17,7 ± 1,8 kg, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (DIC). Foram verificadas correlações positivas entre o tempo de alimentação e os consumos: de matéria seca (r=0,3120), matéria orgânica (0,3242), fibra em detergente neutro (r=0,3800), carboidratos totais (r=0,3343) e nutrientes digestíveis totais (r=0,3233). Correlações positivas (P<0,05) foram encontradas entre as eficiências de ruminação, g MS/h e g FDN/h, com as variáveis de consumo de nutrientes, exceto para consumo de extrato etéreo. Indicando conformidade dos resultados com as variáveis de consumo, foram observadas correlações positivas (P<0,05) encontradas para ganho de peso total e ganho médio diário entre as eficiências de ruminação, g MS/h (r=0,3330) e g FDN/h (r=0,3304). As eficiências de alimentação e ruminação apresentam relação positiva com os nutrientes digestíveis totais. O estudo da correlação entre as variáveis foi importante para o entendimento da dieta contendo feno de capim-buffel amonizado, onde a c...

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of urea ammoniation of pearl millet silage, at different compaction densities, on chemical composition, losses in the ensilage process, fermentation profile, microbial population count, and aerobic stability. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2×4 factorial arrangement, with two compaction densities (600 and 800 kg m -³) and four urea levels (0, 2, 4, and 6% on a dry matter basis), with five replicates. For the aerobic stability assay, the experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2×4 factorial arrangement, with two times (0 and 72 hours) and four urea levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%, on dry matter basis), with five replicates. The urea levels interacted significantly with density as to the contents of organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent insoluble protein, and as to dry matter recovery; and with exposure hours as to the contents of acid detergent fiber and lignin. Molds and yeasts were not observed in the ammoniated silages. The 800 kg m -³ density reduced losses in the fermentation process of pearl millet silage, and promoted better nutritive value than the compaction at 600 kg m -³. The use of urea does not reduce losses and does not improve the aerobic stability of silages; however, it controls mold growth after silage exposure to air.Index terms: Pennisetum glaucum, ADR500, ammoniation, fermentation losses, microbial populations. Parâmetros qualitativos da silagem de milheto amonizada com ureia, a diferentes densidades de compactaçãoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a amonização com ureia em silagens de milheto com diferentes densidades de compactação, quanto aos seus efeitos sobre a composição químico-bromatológica, as perdas no processo de ensilagem, o perfil fermentativo, a contagem de populações microbianas e a estabilidade aeróbia. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2×4, com duas densidades de compactação (600 e 800 kg m -³) e quatro níveis de ureia (0, 2, 4 e 6% com base na matéria seca), com cinco repetições. Na avaliação da estabilidade aeróbia, utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2×4, com dois tempos (0 e 72 horas) e quatro níveis de ureia (0, 2, 4 e 6%, com base na matéria seca), com cinco repetições. Os níveis de ureia interagiram significativamente com a densidade, quanto aos teores de matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, proteína insolúvel em detergente neutro e quanto à recuperação de matéria seca; e com o tempo de exposição, quanto aos teores de fibra em detergente ácido e de lignina. Não se observaram mofos e leveduras nas silagens amonizadas. A densidade de compactação de 800 kg m -³ reduziu as perdas no processo de ensilagem do milheto e proporcionou silagem de maior valor nutritivo do que a compactação a 600 kg m -³. O uso de ureia não reduz as perdas e não melhora a estabilidade aeróbia das silagens; no entanto, controla o crescimento de mofos após a exposição da silagem ao ar.Termos para index...