This work presents the application of hybrid approach for optimizing the dry sliding wear behavior of red mud based aluminum metal matrix composites (MMCs). The essential input parameters are identified as applied load, sliding velocity, wt.% of reinforcement, and hardness of the counterpart material, whereas the output responses are specific wear rate and Coefficient of Friction (COF). The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) is performed to optimize the multiple performance characteristics simultaneously. The Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and entropy methods are applied to evaluate the values of weights corresponding to each output response. The experimental result shows that the wt.% of reinforcements (Q=34.9%) followed by the sliding velocity (Q=34.5%) contributed more to affecting the dry sliding wear behavior. The optimized conditions are verified through the confirmation test, which exhibited an improvement in the grey relational grade of specific wear rate and COF by 0.3 and 0.034, respectively.
Solid particle erosion inevitably occurs if a gas–solid or liquid–solid mixture is in contact with a surface, e.g., in pneumatic conveyors. Nowadays, an erosive failure of the component after the usage of a long period has been gaining the interest of the researchers. In this research work, carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are prepared by varying the tow sizes of fibres, such as 5k, 10k, and 15k. The prepared composites are subjected to erosion studies by varying the process parameters, such as the impact angle (30, 60, and 90 degrees) and velocity (72, 100, and 129 m/s). The Taguchi orthogonal array design has been employed for the experimental plan and the erosion rate and surface roughness are observed for each run. The changes in the responses are reported for varying process parameters. The higher erodent velocity of 129m/s leads to higher erosion rates and forms poor surface quality. The minimum impact angle of 30 degrees provides higher erosion rates and higher surface roughness than the other impingement angles. Finally, the eroded surface of each sample is examined through microscopic and 3D profilometer images and the erosion mechanism is analysed at different conditions. The eroded particles supplied at lower speeds do not penetrate the composite surface. However, it is well-known that the lower the collision force, the harder the traces on the surface, yet no sign of fibre breaking or pull-out is observed. The passage of erodent particles on the composite caused surface waviness (flow trace), which prevents the surface from degrading.
Natural fillers have been used as reinforcing material for many years in the research field of biobased polymers. It is widely known for being low cost, eco-friendly, and easily available. The biobased polymer composites have strong future prospects in the application for transportation and packaging industries. In this study, the biobased composite is fabricated at 40 % hazelnut shell flour (HSF) content with 2.5, 7.5, and 10 % of inorganics-based additives like mica, glass ball, talc by extrusion, and press molding method. The mechanical and thermal properties and water absorption of those composites are investigated. The result reveals that inorganic powder-filled composites shows clearly higher impact energy than pure polylactic acid (PLA). However, there was a general decrease in tensile and flexural properties with the addition of mica and glass ball powders, and an increase in properties between 10 % and 30 % was determined with the addition of talc powder (7.5 % and 10 %). The highest flexural strength of the 7.5 % talc-filled PLA/HSF composites is obtained as 51 MPa and the highest tensile strength of 22 MPa was observed for both 7.5 % and 10 % talc. The scanning electron microscopic image reveals the uniformly distributed organic and inorganic fillers and microstructural deformation of the fractured composite surfaces.
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