Background : An advanced bone resorption after the secondary alveolar bone graft is common and cannot be avoidable and then leads to inadequate bony bridging and improper contour of maxilla. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) utilizes a barrier membrane to assist bone regeneration by separation of adjacent soft tissues from the defect underneath. Aim/Hypothesis : To evaluate the efficacy of a resorbable collagen membrane for alveolar bone graft in an alveolar cleft patient on bone density, graft volume change, and clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods : Twelve unilateral cleft patients were enrolled and divided by consecutive allocation to a conventional group(CG) and a collagen membrane group(MbG). In MbG, an alveolar cleft was grafted with autogenous cortico-cancellous bone from an iliac crest and covered with a collagen membrane by a GBR technique while in CG grafted with cortico-cancellous bone alone. Clinical outcomes were observed clinically and analyzed from CBCT. Bone density and volume change were analyzed from CBCT, occlusal topographic and periapical film recorded. The data were reported in means(S.D.) Results : The preliminary report from 9 CG and 3 MbG found wound dehiscence occurred in one patient from CG. From occlusal topographic, the means percentage of density change from baseline in CG at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively showed mean(S.D.) 44.24(23.99)%, 61.60(23.16)% and 24.59(25.91)% respectively while in MbG at 1 and 3 months postoperatively presented mean(S.D.) 15.95(9.41)% and 17.93(8.89)% respectively. From CBCT, the mean percentage of volume changes from the baseline in CG at 3 and 6 months postoperatively showed mean(S.D.) 29.98(2.06)% and 41.02(2.36)% respectively while in MbG at 3 months postoperatively showed mean(S.D.) 18.53(3.74)% and at 6 months postoperatively showed 24.02% reported from one patient in MbG. From bone quality evaluation, 4 patients from CG were classified as poor bone quality and 2 patients required regrafting while the patients from MbG were classified as good bone quality with no complication. Conclusions and Clinical Implications : Secondary alveolar bone graft covered with a collagen membrane via GBR technique has shown a tendency to preserve bone volume, contour, promote bony bridging and could allow spontaneous tooth eruption better than the conventional one.
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