Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is an obstruction of the lumen of the pylorus by muscular hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter, more common in boys. We report the case of a male newborn at 13 weeks of life, born at term with a birth weight estimated at 2900 grams without any particular history. Clinically he had an increased frequency of sputum and postprandial jet vomiting, dehydration and weight loss. Abdominal ultrasound found a lengthening of the pyloric canal measuring 22 mm in length associated with a thickening of the muscularis of the pyloric region measuring 4 mm forming a "pyloric olive" 13 mm in diameter. There was also significant gastric stasis upstream of the hypertrophic stenosis. The examination was carried out at the reference health center of commune III in the district of Bamako. The objective of this work was to provide our experience on the ultrasound semiology of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with a review of the literature.
The sign of the scalp is the presence of perirenal fibrosis classically recognized as pathognomonic of Erdheim- Chester disease, a rare non-Langheransian histiocytosis. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman, wrongly followed and treated for bilateral polycystic kidney disease. She had no other medico-surgical history and had presented abdominal pain accentuated at the lumbar level, revealing on the abdomino-pelvic computed tomography performed at the ''Marie Curie'' Medical Clinic in Bamako, Mali, an aspect of hairy kidney. The diagnosis of non-Langheransian histiocytosis was retained in view of this specific and pathognomonic aspect. This was, to our knowledge, the first case described in Mali, the purpose of this work being to illustrate the role of CT in the diagnostic management of Erdheim- chester disease and to draw the attention of young radiologists and other specialists on the pathognomonic aspect of the scalp. The appearance of a scalp being considered semiologically as a very suggestive sign of Erdheim-Chester disease, the radiologist and his urologist or nephrologist counterparts must recognize these signs and finally not wrongly treat patients with this rare pathology.
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