ResumoA adição de resíduos industriais em cerâmicas vermelhas tem sido o alvo de diversos estudos, onde se busca uma destinação final adequada ao resíduo e melhoria das características da cerâmica. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a adição de cinzas leves de carvão mineral oriundas de uma usina termelétrica existente em Figueira, PR. Foram preparadas misturas de 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50% de cinzas em argila e produzidos corpos de prova de 6 cm x 2 cm x 0,5 cm por calcinação a 950 ºC. Avaliou-se os parâmetros perda ao fogo, densidade aparente, porosidade aparente, retração linear, absorção de água e resistência mecânica. Os resultados dos ensaios indicaram que influência do material incombusto presentes nas cinzas foi superior a qualquer efeito dos outros componentes das cinzas.
Palavras-chave: cerâmica vermelha, cinzas de carvão mineral, resíduos industriais
AbstractThe addition of industrial waste into red ceramic has been the subject of several studies, which seek to dispose the waste properly and to improving the characteristics of ceramics. In this study, the addition of fly ash from coal derived from an existing power plant in Figueira, PR, Brazil, was evaluated. Mixtures of 0,10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% ash
The study of environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly becoming a valuable tool to survey and monitor aquatic communities. However, there are important gaps in our understanding of the dynamics governing the distribution of eDNA under natural conditions. In this report we carry out controlled experiments to assess the extent and timing of eDNA distribution along the water column. A sample of known eDNA concentration was placed at the bottom of a 5-m high tube (20 cm in diameter and total volume of 160 L), and water samples were obtained at different depths over an 8 h-period. The presence of the target eDNA was assessed by qPCR analysis. This sampling protocol allowed for assessing the timescale for the diffusion of eDNA while minimizing the influence of turbulence. We demonstrate that, after a time-period of as little as 30 min, the eDNA had spread across the entire container. The implications of these results for eDNA sampling protocols in the field are discussed.
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