Several benefits of aerobic training for asthmatic patients have been demonstrated. However, its effects on systemic inflammation and on airway remodeling mediators and lung mechanics are unknown. This prospective study included 21 intermittent and mild asthma patients, and as primary outcomes, the evaluation of pro- and anti-inflammatory and pro- and antifibrotic mediators in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and blood were performed, beyond the cell counting in blood and in induced sputum. Aerobic training was performed for 3 months, 3 times per week. Aerobic training increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and of antifibrotic mediators in the breath condensate: IL-1ra ( p = 0.0488 ), IL-10 ( p = 0.0048 ), relaxin-3 ( p = 0.0019 ), and klotho ( p < 0.0043 ), respectively. Similarly, in plasma, increased levels of IL-1ra ( p = 0.0147 ), IL-10 ( p < 0.0001 ), relaxin-3 ( p = 0.004 ), and klotho ( p = 0.0023 ) were found. On contrary, reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the breath condensate, IL-1β ( p = 0.0008 ), IL-4 ( p = 0.0481 ), IL-5 ( p < 0.0001 ), IL-6 ( p = 0.0032 ), IL-13 ( p = 0.0013 ), and TNF-α ( p = 0.0001 ) and profibrotic markers VEGF ( p = 0.0017 ) and TSLP ( p = 0.0056 ) were found. Similarly, in plasma, aerobic training significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β ( p = 0.0008 ), IL-4 ( p = 0.0104 ), IL-5 ( p = 0.0001 ), IL-6 ( p = 0.006 ), IL-13 ( p = 0.0341 ), and TNF-α ( p = 0.0003 ) and of profibrotic markers VEGF ( p = 0.0009 ) and TSLP ( p < 0.0076 ). Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was reduced after the intervention ( p = 0.0313 ). Regarding inflammatory cells in sputum, there was a reduction in total cells ( p = 0.008 ), eosinophils ( p = 0.009 ), and macrophages ( p = 0.020 ), as well as of blood eosinophils ( p = 0.0203 ) and lymphocytes ( p = 0.0198 ). Aerobic training positively modulates chronic airway inflammation and remodeling mediators, beyond to improve systemic inflammation in intermittent and mild asthmatic patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.