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This review describes the usefulness of in silico design approaches in the design of new
radiopharmaceuticals; especially peptide-based radiotracers (including peptidomimetics). Although not part of
the standard arsenal utilized during radiopharmaceutical design, the use of in silico strategies is steadily
increasing in the field of radiochemistry as it contributes to a more rational and scientific approach. The
development of new peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals as well as a short introduction to suitable
computational approaches are provided in this review. The first section comprises a concise overview of the
three most applicable computer-aided drug design strategies used namely i) a ligand-based approach (LBDD)
using pharmacophore modelling, ii) a structure based design approach (SBDD) using molecular docking
strategies and iii) Absorption-Distribution-Metabolism-Excretion-Toxicity (ADMET) predictions. The second
section is dedicated to briefly summarizing the challenges connected to these computer-aided techniques and
discusses successful applications of in silico radiopharmaceutical design in peptide-based radiopharmaceutical
development, thereby improving the clinical procedure in Nuclear Medicine. Finally, the advances and future
potential of in silico modelling as a design strategy is highlighted.
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