Lung function was measured in eight patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis using two litres of dialysate fluid and in one patient using three litres of fluid. With the patient sitting, lung volumes were measured by body plethysmographic and helium dilution techniques and a forced vital capacity, before and after removal of dialysate fluid from the abdominal cavity. The patients selected were free of lung disease and were at stable dry weight. No significant difference was found in maximum expiratory flow rates or lung volumes measured by the body plethysmography after removal of the fluid. However, the helium dilution technique showed changes in lung volumes; here the functional residual capacity was increased by 590 ml (SE 209 ml, p < 0.05) in the eight patients using two litres of fluid. Others have reported similar findings in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The findings suggest that the introduction of fluid into the peritoneal cavity has no detrimental effect on diaphragmatic configuration and function.
(1977). Thorax, 32,[275][276][277][278][279][280]. Studies in chronic allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. 4 Comparison with a group of asthmatics. A comparison is made of lung function tests and radiographic findings in 20 asthmatic patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis paired in terms of sex, age, and duration of asthma with 20 other asthmatics in whom the diagnosis of aspergillosis was excluded in order to see if the aspergillosis causes more lung damage.One hundred per cent of the patients with aspergillosis and 75% of the patients with asthma alone showed a significantly reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) before bronchodilator. All the patients in the two groups had a significantly reduced maximal expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity breathing air (V50air) but the severity of the reduction was statistically greater in the aspergillosis group. Reversibility in FEV1 of 15% and more was found in 50% of patients with asthma alone as against 31% of patients with aspergillosis. The degree of reversibility of FEV1 was also statistically greater in patients with asthma alone. Improvement of less than 20% of V50 after helium-oxygen breathing was found in 33% of the patients with asthma alone and in 75% of the patients with aspergillosis. Patients with aspergillosis also showed significantly (0-001
We assessed the efficacy and side effects of oral enprofylline in the maintenance therapy of 206 asthmatics 19 to 71 yr of age. After a 1-wk placebo run-in, patients were randomized to receive in double-blind fashion one of three doses of slow-release enprofylline tablets (150 mg, 300 mg, or 450 mg twice daily) or matching placebo for 4 wk. At baseline, mean (SD) peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was 62 (19)% of predicted normal values. The mean increase in morning PEFR 12 h after dosing was: for 450 mg, 14(17)%; for 300 mg, 8(23)%; for 150 mg, 2(11)%, for placebo 0(10)%. The increases over baseline for 450 mg and 300 mg compared with 150 mg and placebo were statistically significant. The mean asthma symptoms score (scale zero to 3) exhibited a dose-related reduction. Significantly less beta 2-receptor agonist inhalations were used in the 450-mg group than in the placebo group. There was a statistically significant increase in headache and nausea with the doses 450 mg and 300 mg given twice daily during the first treatment week compared with 150 mg and placebo. Subsequent to the first week, there were no differences between the active treatments and placebo with respect to the incidence of these and other side effects. We conclude that oral enprofylline, in a dosage of 300 to 450 mg twice daily is an effective and well-tolerated drug that may be useful in the maintenance therapy of asthma.
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