A significant improvement in oral health-related QoL was noted between phases I and III in the surgery and non-surgery groups. Such improvement was less pronounced in the non-surgery vs. the surgery group. From phase II to III, neither surgery nor non-surgical treatment yielded significant improvement in oral health-related QoL.

Two methods were used to compare the rates of dead cell removal from pieces of tumor implanted in brain, muscle, subcutaneous (sc) tissue, and peritoneal cavity of rats. The weight of implanted tumor pieces, rendered nonviable either by lethal irradiation or by several freeze•thaw cycles, was followed as a function of post• implantation time. A large initial weight increase occurred in tumors implanted in sc tissue and brain, but not in muscle. The subsequent weight reduction of implanted tumors indicated that the rate of dead tumor•cell removal was greatest in muscle, intermediate in sc tissue, and least in brain. The loss of 125 1 label from dead tumor pre• labeled with 125 2'-deoxy•5•iodouridine was followed during the postimplantation period by counting either the whole animal or the isolated DNA from excised tumor masses. Loss of the 125 1 label from tumor implants in situ and from extracted DNA failed to correlate with the removal of dead cells.

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Sarcopeniaaging-related loss of muscle mass and muscle strengthis a key feature of the frailty model. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular biological changes associated with aging in the extensor digitorum longus muscle of senescenceaccelerated mouse prone 8 mouse model by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry.Methods: Three groups of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice were used, namely, 12-week-old (young; n = 5), 40-week-old (elderly; n = 5) and 55-week-old mice (late elderly; n = 5). The extensor digitorum longus muscle was collected. After preliminary analyses, metabolome analysis was carried out by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Additionally, we examined whether the activity of enzymes in the metabolic pathway fluctuated with aging, by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Among the 116 water-soluble metabolites associated with the central energy metabolism pathway, changes were observed in 19 metabolites between 12-and 40 -weeksold, in 40 metabolites between 40-and 55-weeks-old, and in 57 metabolites between 12-and 55-weeks-old. The fluctuated metabolites that were common among the groups were Val, putrescine and His. The levels of putrescine, associated with cell proliferation, protein synthesis and nucleic acid synthesis, and β-Ala and His, a component of carnosine that is characterized by its anti-oxidant and anti-fatigue effects, decreased with age.Conclusions: We confirmed that there were two aging-related metabolic changes in the extensor digitorum longus muscle of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice. Based on the changes in metabolites, cell senescence and fatigue in the extensor digitorum longus muscle might increase in old mice compared with those in young mice, showing molecular biological changes with aging.

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