Addictions and gambling are more prevalent in patients with psoriasis compared with the general population. Respective screening measures are recommended in daily practice for doctors treating psoriasis patients, and PeakPASI is suggested as a score to document patients' lifetime highest PASI. Parallel to new drug approvals and even more detailed insights into the pathomechanism of psoriasis, public health strategies and interdisciplinary approaches are essential for a general sustained psoriasis treatment.
The asymmetric dearomatization of N-heterocycles is an important synthetic method to gain bioactive and synthetically valuable chiral heterocycles. However, the catalytic enantio- and regioselective dearomatization of the simplest six-membered-ring N-heteroarenes, the pyridines, is still very challenging. The first anion-binding-catalyzed, highly enantioselective nucleophilic dearomatization of pyridines with triazole-based H-bond donor catalysts is presented. Contrary to other more common NH-based H-bond donors, this type of organocatalyst shows a prominent higher C2-regioselectivity and is able to promote high enantioinductions via formation of a close chiral anion-pair complex with a preformed N-acyl pyridinium ionic intermediate. This method offers a straightforward and useful synthetic approach to chiral N-heterocycles from abundant and readily available pyridines.
The construction industry is one of the most environmentally detrimental industries in the world, impacting directly the use of raw materials, their determination of use involving the whole lifecycle, as well as all their surrounding environment. However, within the building sector, the transition from a linear to a circular economy is still at an early stage. Business models need to be reconsidered to include new and improved methods and innovative services that could lead to a net reduction in the use of resources and minimizing the waste disposed on landfills. In this context, an important role in buildings’ circularity is “deconstruction”, which is understood as a well-considered selective dismantlement of building components, in prevision of a future reuse, repurposing, or recycling. It represents a sustainable alternative to common demolition, which tends to be an arbitrary and destructive process, and although faster and cheaper, it typically creates a substantial amount of waste. The purpose of this article is to analyze the deconstruction potential of buildings and the strategies to apply in order to keep the impacts on the urban environment low. The article aims to facilitate the implementation of circular economy strategies for buildings by proposing common principles for deconstruction as a sustainable alternative to demolition and defining the key points to be applied during the design and planning process regardless of the type of construction system or material used.
The first enantioselective synthesis of chiral heterocyclic α-amino phosphonates by nucleophilic dearomatization of quinolines and pyridines using an anion-binding organocatalysis approach is described. Chiral tetrakistriazoles were employed as efficient hydrogen-bond donor catalysts by forming a chiral close ion-pair with the in situ formed N-acyl salts and 2,2,2-trichlorethoxycarbonyl chloride (TrocCl). The ion-pair was subsequently treated with various phosphorus nucleophiles, such as silyl-protected dialkyl- and trialkylphosphites. Thus, the corresponding products were obtained in complete or high regioselectivities and up to 97:3 e.r. for quinolines or up to 89:11 e.r. for the more challenging pyridine substrates. This method allows for rapid access to substituted chiral cyclic α-amino phosphonates, which can be easily transformed into phosphonic acid derivatives.
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