Introduction: Colonization resistance of the oral cavity is an important protective factor of local immunity, which prevents the adhesion and proliferation of microorganisms on the oral mucosa.Objectives: The research aimed to discover the colonization resistance state of the oral mucosa of young patients with different body mass indices and their dependence on the intensity of the teeth carious and inflammatory response of the gums. Material and methods:The survey conducted on 132 Ukrainians of all genders, with aged ranging from 18 to 22 years. Body mass index (BMI) was determined, which was the distribution factor. Oral status was detected by decay, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, oral hygiene index (OHI) and papilla bleeding index (PBI) determination. Colonization resistance of the oral mucosa was defined by microscopy of the buccal epithelium using a light microscope with a magnification of ×400. Results: 21.2% of patients with normal BMI had colonization resistance index (CRI) 0, 78.8% -CRI 1. In patients with extra weight, 44.5% had CRI 0, 38.9% -CRI 1, 16.6 -CRI 2. In patients with 1 st degree obesity, 64.5% had CRI 0, 25.8% -CRI 1, 9.7% -CRI 2. In patients with 2 nd degree obesity, 68.75% presented CRI 0, 31.25% -CRI 1. Conclusions: With satisfactory oral hygiene in patients with diverse BMI the severity of gingivitis was different. This indicates that the systemic response of the organism in patients with BMI over 30 kg/m 2 is the crucial determining factor that influences the manifestation of the disease, as a response to local pathogenic factor -dental plaque. Therefore, in patients with 1 st and 2 nd degree obesity, in 70% of patients, suppression of colonization resistance of the oral mucosa was observed, compared with patients with normal BMI where the frequency of patients with colonization resistance disturbance was 2.5 times lower.

Introduction. Obesity is a global problem of modern society. According to the WHO, in 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults are overweight and about 650 million adults are obese. Numerous studies indicate the role of overweight, obesity and metabolic status on periodontal health, however, the mechanism of their development is not fully understood. Aim. The aim of the study was to explore the mechanism of periodontal disease development in patients with diverse body mass index and the mechanism of extra weight and obesity onset in these patients. Methods. The study involved 132 Ukrainian males and females, 18 - 22 years old. Body mass index was determined in all patients. Information on life history, illness and family history was collected. The assessment of dental status was conducted by indicating the oral and tongue hygiene indices and periodontal indices. Eating behaviour was assessed using the standardised Dutch eating behaviour questionnaire (DEBG) and the three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ R-18). Diet assessment was determined by standardized diet questionnaire. Results. More than 60% of young people with the 1st and 2nd degree obesity had eating disorders, the most prevalent were disturbance of cognitive restraint and emotional eating components of eating behavior. The prevalence of periodontal disease was significantly higher in obese individuals, up to 87% in patients with the 1st and 2nd degree obesity. Conclusion. Eating behavior disturbances play a crucial role in the development of obesity in young adults and onset of gingivitis. The cause of non-plaque-induced gingivitis in patients with the 1st and 2nd degree obesity is a impaired general host response to the pathogenic factors of the oral cavity, caused by excess adipose tissue, which led to the development of chronic systemic mild inflammation. That is why these patients need a specific, integrated periodontal treatment.

Background: Chronic jaw osteomyelitis is an inflammatory disease of the entire bone which results in jaw destruction and sequestrum formation, usually it`s more common in the lower jaw. Only a few clinical cases have documented the development of chronic odontogenic osteomyelitis on the upper jaw that is why the clinical course of the disease is variable and not typical in different patients. A quite rare variant of chronic maxilla osteomyelitis manifestation in a healthy young individual that was undiagnosed for a long time is presented in this case report.Case Description: This clinical case report demonstrates a secondary chronic odontogenic osteomyelitis of the upper jaw in a young male individual. A patient has complains of the presence of the hard formation in the vestibular alveolar bone of the right upper jaw, enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes on the right side, high body temperature. On examination the face asymmetry was observed, swelling of the soft tissues on the right side, cervical lymphadenitis on the right side and poor oral hygiene. A mucosal defect and exposed bone with a diameter of 1.5 cm was detected on the vestibular surface of alveolar bone, the oral mucosae around the defect was hyperaemic and swollen. Tooth 1.6 was dark in color with a large filling on the occlusal surface, painful percussion, class 1 mobility. Cone beam computed tomography was performed to diagnose changes in the bone and maxillary sinus. The treatment of a patient was significantly complicated because of financial factor. After 10 days of postoperative treatment complete wound healing was observed, with the occurrence of alveolar bone deformation. Conclusions:A not typical clinical course for young age healthy individual of the upper jaw osteomyelitis is presented. Therefore, a disease was undiagnosed for a long time during the regular check-ups by general dentists. Taking in account a difficult financial status, young age, good health of a patient, an optimal treatment method of the upper jaw chronic osteomyelitis was provided, using minimal invasive and defectoriented approaches of surgical treatment.

Background. Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that impairs health. The global prevalence of obesity has been increasing significantly among all age groups. Further more, obesity is a comorbid factor for numerous diseases, including cardiovascular and periodontal pathologies.Objectives. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of overweight and obesity on the peri odontium of young adults in relation to the functional state of the cardiovascular system. Material and methods.The oral health status of 132 males and females aged 18-22 years was exa mined. They were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass index (BMI): normal weight; over weight; class I obesity; and class II obesity. A periodontal chart, the records on oral hygiene and caries, and periodontal indices were provided for each participant. The main functional parameters of the cardiovascu lar system were measured before and after the dental examination.Results. Overweight or obesity did not affect the intensity of caries in young adults. The prevalence and severity of gingivitis were significantly higher in obese individuals. A moderate correlation was found be tween gingivitis and BMI in patients with class I and II obesity. Disturbances in the cardiovascular system function and in the autonomic nervous system tone were also diagnosed in obese patients. An impaired vascular response and significant functional changes in the cardiovascular system developed against the background of obesity. These changes show the development of subcompensation in young adults with obesity.Conclusions. In obese individuals, significantly worse oral hygiene was observed as compared to normal BMI patients. Moreover, the clinical manifestation and intensity of gingivitis in obese individuals were high even in those with satisfactory oral hygiene. In young obese individuals, the periodontal disease mani fested as gingivitis is due to significant adaptive and compensatory mechanisms.