Experimentally diarrhoea with enteropathogenic E. coli was induced in 18 buffalo calves (a week old) which were divided into three equal groups while 4 th group of six calves served as uninfected, untreated control. All the calves were monitored twice daily. Diarrhea developed in all treatment groups within 2-6 hours post infection. Twenty four hours after the on-set of diarrhea, neonates of Group (G)-1 was treated with antibiotic (Kanamycin®, Farvet Laboratories, Holland @ 10 mg/kg b.wt I/M) plus rehydration solution (sodium chloride-10g, potassium chloride-4g, sodium bicarbonate-20g, glucose-50g and water-4 litres @ 250-500 ml/day/I/V), G-2 with antibiotic and G-3 with rehydration solution. Diarrheic contents varied from semi solid to watery in consistency, yellowish to greenish yellow colour with blood or mucous and frequency of defecation was 6-10 times/day. Dehydration was mild (4-5%) in G-1, moderate (6-9%) in G-3 and severe (10-12%) in G-2 calves. Most severe signs of dehydration appeared in G-2 calves. Neonates in this group showed severe dryness of cornea, loss of suckling reflex, sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes and cold extremities. Temperature was significantly high in G-3 calves than G-1, G-2 and control calves. Pulse and respiration rates were low in all treatment groups than the control group. Total erythrocytic counts and hematocrit were high (P<0.05) in G-2 calves. Calves treated with Kanamycin showed crenated erythrocytes in the blood smears. Leukocytosis mainly due to neutrophilia was observed in all the treated calves than the control group. Serum total protein and globulin were low (P<0.05) in control calves than all treatment groups. Albumin was high in G-2 calves than calves of G-1, G-3 and control group. Immunglobulins were high (P<0.05) in G-2 calves than G-1, G-3 and control calves.
Background: Increased postoperative levels of Troponin I (TnI) after Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (OPCABG) surgery can often be observed in patients in the absence of significant perioperative hemodynamic instability or any evident intra-operative technical problems or signs of graft failure. A study undertaken by Biancari and his collegues (2012) found that Red Blood Cell transfusion was associated with increased TnI release after elective OPCABG1. Serum TnI level is an established indicator of myocardial injury. This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2015 to December 2016 to assess whether intraoperative and immediate postoperative Whole Blood Transfusion resulted in increased release of TnI after isolated OPCABG operation.Materials & Methods: A total of 40 patients (34 males and 6 females) undergoing OPCABG were consecutively enrolled in the study, 20 patients in the transfusion recipient group and 20 patients in the non-transfusion recipient group. The groups were compared for pre-operative baseline characteristics and co-morbidities, per-operative techniques and events, and postoperative or end-point variables including Postoperative TnI level measured 12 hours at the end of surgery and a number of other clinical outcomes.Results: Both transfusion recipient and non-transfusion recipient groups had statistically indifferent baseline characteristics, co-morbidity counts, operative techniques and operative events. No significant difference (p = 1.000) was noted in case-counts with increased Postoperative TnI level between the groups (85% in the transfusion recipient group versus 90% in the non-transfusion recipient group). All other clinical outcomes were also found to be similarly distributed with no statistical difference between the groups.Conclusion: In contrast to Red Blood Cell transfusion in several other studies, perioperative Whole Blood transfusion was not associated with increased postoperative Troponin I (TnI) release after isolated offpump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) operation.University Heart Journal Vol. 13, No. 2, July 2017; 55-58
Use of radial artery (RA) as a second arterial conduit in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is well established and appreciated for its higher long-term patency rate compared to vein grafts. This study tends to investigate if there are any detrimental consequences when it is used in elderly (aged 60 and above) population of Bangladesh. A total of 71 patients who received RA grafts at elective, isolated CABG operation were consecutively enrolled in this study from May 2018 to September 2019. 31 patients were in the Elderly group and 40 patients were in the Non-elderly group. The groups were compared for baseline characteristics and co-morbidities; preoperative techniques, findings, events and procedures; and postoperative outcomes or end-point variables inclusive of local complications related to RA harvesting wound. Elderly and Non-elderly groups had statistically different age (p=0.000) and Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) Score predicted mortality (p=0.000). Operative techniques, events, findings and procedures were similar. Clinical outcomes were found to be similar with no statistical difference between the groups. Number of deaths also was not statistically different. There were no local complications related to RA harvesting wound in either of the two groups. Harvesting and grafting of radial artery in suitable patients, using meticulous "no-touch" technique and for ideal target coronary artery stenosis is as safe in the elderly patients as in the younger ones. CBMJ 2020 July: Vol. 09 No. 02 P: 08-13
Pectus Excavatum (PE) is normally an isolated congenital disorder, but it can also occur with congenital heart defect (CHD). The surgical strategy has evolved over the last 20 years from staged repair to simultaneous repair of both defects. We present a case of using the Nuss procedure for PE during atrial septal defect (ASD) . A 29 year old male possess detectable systolic murmur along with exertional dyspnea, fatigue of NYHA Class -II functional status and PE. Correction of these morbidities, a surgery was conducted in the Cardiac Surgery Department in July 2017 in Bangladesh Specialized Hospital, Dhaka. Doing a full midline incision, ASD was repaired after Cardiopulmonary bypass was done. The PE correction was done simultaneously with ASD correction. After completion of chest closure, the left sided non-communicating hydrocele was operated on, and tunical sac was excised and averted. After convalescing uneventfully, the patient was discharged.This case shows that in carefully selected cases with concomitant PE and ASD, a combination of the Nuss procedure and ASD repair and also correction of hydrocele. CBMJ 2018 January: Vol. 07 No. 01 P: 35-39
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