The structural origin of magnetic anisotropy in Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu alloys annealed under a tensile stress of 200 MPa is studied by transmission x-ray diffraction. The diffraction peak of the ͑310͒ plane, whose normal vector is parallel to the tensile direction ͑ribbon direction͒, appears at a lower angle than the one perpendicular to it by about 0.1°. This indicates that the spacing of the ͑310͒ plane normal to the tensile direction is about 0.2% larger than the one parallel to it. This is direct evidence for the structural origin of the stress-induced magnetic anisotropy of nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys.
The dependence of the structural anisotropy of Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu alloy on the applied stress during annealing has been studied by transmission x-ray diffraction. After crystallizing under stress, the Fe-Si nanocrystals show anisotropy in the lattice spacing of the (620) planes. Their elongations are proportional to the applied stress and show a linear correlation with the magnetic anisotropy energy, Ku. These results indicate that Ku originates from a magnetoelastic effect due to an elastic elongation of the Fe-Si phase constrained by the surrounding amorphous phase.
Isotropic Nd-Fe-B thick film magnets were prepared by a high-speed pulsed laser deposition method followed by a post annealing. The deposition rate of 90 m/h could be successfully achieved, and a pulse annealing was adopted as the post annealing process in order to enhance coercivity. Use of a substrate heating system under the high deposition rate enabled us to obtain anisotropic thick films with ( ) max of approximately 120 kJ/m 3 , which show the potential for an improvement in the properties of the micromachines. Novel micromachines comprising the isotropic films were introduced.
The structural anisotropy of Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu nanocrystalline alloys annealed under tensile stress was studied by x-ray diffraction techniques with transmission geometry. A clear difference was observed in the peak positions of the Fe-Si crystals under two different conditions: with the diffraction vector parallel or perpendicular to the applied stress. The strains calculated from the anisotropy of the peak positions show a linear response to the applied stress, independent of Si content, indicating that the observed structural anisotropy is due to a quenching of the elastic strain, not in the directional ordering of the Fe-Si pair. The induced magnetic anisotropy energy is well explained by the residual strains and their magnetostrictions.
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