In order to effectively utilize visible light in photocatalytic reactions, we have developed S-doped TiO2 particles. They show strong absorption for visible light and high activities for degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under irradiation at wavelengths longer than 440 nm. The oxidation state of the S atoms incorporated into the TiO2 particles is determined to be S6+ from the XPS spectra.
Face-to-face restacking is one of the main reasons for low surface utilization of multilayered graphene. In this study, multilayered reduced graphene oxide/polymer architecture was fabricated by gas phase or chemical reduction of thin films composed of graphene oxide monolayers using poly(diallyldimethylammonium) as the cationic binder deposited by layer-by-layer self-assembly. The electrochemical behavior of the thin films in acidic and neutral electrolytes was investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A transmission line model was adopted to simulate the electrochemical impedance data. The electrochemical data were analyzed and deconvoluted into charge storage due to non-Faradaic electrical double layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance arising from Faradaic surface redox reactions. Pseudocapacitance observed in acidic electrolyte is proportional to the amount of surface functional groups. An overall volumetric capacitance as high as 364 F cm −3 was achieved for the nanoarchitecture, and it is shown that the electrical double layer capacitance of a monolayer of graphene oxide is 20 μF cm −2 , regardless of the number of layers deposited. This can be interpreted as full capacitive utilization of reduced graphene oxide sheets in the multilayered reduced graphene oxide films.
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